The invention relates to novel polypeptide analogs of GLP-1 and exendin-4. The polypeptide, in a preferred embodiment, is insulinotropic and long-acting. Preferably, the polypeptide's insulinotropic effect is comparable to or exceeds the effect of an equimolar amount of GLP-1 or exendin-4. The invention also relates to a method of treating a subject with diabetes, comprising administering to the subject the polypeptide of the invention in an amount that has an insulinotropic effect. The invention also relates to methods of using GLP-1, exendin-4, and polypeptide analogs thereof for neuroprotective and neurotrophic effects.

Novel methods for treating or reducing the likelihood of acquiring symptoms or diseases due to the menopause, in postmenopausal women, particularly osteoporosis, vaginal atrophy and dryness, hypogonadism, diminished libido, skin atrophy, connective tissue disease, urinary incontinence, breast, endometrial, ovarian and uterine cancers, hot flashes, loss of muscle mass, insulin resistance, fatigue, loss of energy, aging, physical symptoms of menopause, in susceptible warm-blooded animals including humans involving administration of a sex steroid precursor are disclosed. Said method comprising novel ways of administering and dosing dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) in order to take advantage of positive androgenic effects in the vaginal layers lamina propia and/or the layer muscularis, without undesirably causing systemic estrogenic effects in order to avoid the risk of breast and uterine cancer. Pharmaceutical compositions for delivery of active ingredient(s) useful to the invention are also disclosed.

The present disclosure relates to, inter alia, methods of treating mixed dyslipidemia with ethyl eicosapentaenoate.

The invention provides nucleic acid therapeutics and methods for using these nucleic acid therapeutics in the treatment of complement-related disorders.

A morphinan derivative represented by the following general formula (I):

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.1 represents hydrogen, C.sub.1-10 alkyl, cycloalkylalkyl where the cycloalkyl moiety has 3 to 6 carbon atoms, and the alkylene moiety has 1 to 5 carbon atoms, etc.; R.sup.2 represents heterocyclic ring containing 1 to 4 heteroatoms selected from N, O and S and at least one carbon atom as ring-constituting atoms, containing at least one set of adjacent ring-constituting atoms bound by a double bond, and further substituted with at least one oxo group; Y binds to a carbon atom as a ring-constituting atom of R.sup.2; R.sup.3, R.sup.4, and R.sup.5 represent hydrogen, hydroxy, etc.; R.sup.6a and R.sup.6b represent hydrogen, etc.; R.sup.7 and R.sup.9 represent hydrogen, etc.; R.sup.9 and R.sup.10, which are the same or different, represent hydrogen, etc.; X represents O or CH.sub.2; and Y represents C(O)); a tautomer or stereoisomer of the compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate thereof is used as an anxiolytic drug, antidepressant, etc.

Disclosed herein are methods, sodium-dependent glucose transporter (SGLT)1 compounds and compositions for the treatment of postprandial hypoglycemia, postprandial hypoglycemia that occurs as a consequence of gastric surgery.

An agent for preventing or ameliorating nocturia, containing rosmarinic acid or a salt thereof as an active ingredient.

An agent for preventing or ameliorating nocturia, containing rosmarinic acid or a salt thereof as an active ingredient.

Compounds of the present invention, and pharmaceutically acceptable compositions thereof, are useful as modulators of ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) transporters or fragments thereof, including Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR). The present invention also relates to methods of treating ABC transporter mediated diseases using compounds of the present invention.

The present disclosure relates to monoclonal antibodies and antigen-binding fragments thereof that bind to human -klotho, and pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treatment comprising the same.