Pharmaceutical compositions and dosage forms comprising an adsorbent, and an adverse agent, such as an opioid antagonist. In one embodiment, at least a portion of the adverse agent is on the surface or within the micropore structure of an adsorbent material. The pharmaceutical compositions and dosage forms comprising the adsorbent and the adverse agent are useful for preventing or discouraging tampering, abuse, misuse or diversion of a dosage form containing an active pharmaceutical agent, such as an opioid. The present invention also relates to methods for treating a patient with such a dosage form, as well as kits containing such a dosage form with instructions for using the dosage form to treat a patient. The present invention further relates to process for preparing such pharmaceutical compositions and dosage forms.

The subject invention relates in one aspect to an oxalate degrading composition, which includes at least one oxalate degrading enzyme. The composition includes an enriched insoluble component of fungal bio sample, and the composition is effective to degrade oxalate at a pH of 1.9 or higher. The composition is protected from protease degradation such as pepsin, trypsin and chymotrypsin. The composition is capable of withstanding the conditions of the stomach, small intestines, and/or large intestines of a subject.

A nimodipine injection concentrate and diluted formulation comprises nimodipine (base or salt), an effective amount of a hydrophilic surfactant, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier for injection which is an aqueous solution, an organic solvent, an oil, or a cyclodextrin, such that the nimodipine is substantially contained in a concentrated injection solution, suspension, emulsion or complex as a micelle or a colloidal particle or an inclusion complex and the formulation is stable and clear. In certain embodiments, the hydrophilic surfactant is polysorbate 80.

Disubstituted octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole compounds are described, which are useful as orexin receptor modulators. Such compounds may be useful in pharmaceutical compositions and methods for the treatment of diseased states, disorders, and conditions mediated by orexin activity, such as insomnia.

A compound of formula I ##STR00001##
wherein A, X, Y, Z, R.sub.1 and R.sub.24 are described herein. The compounds are useful as inhibitors of potassium channel function and in the treatment and prevention of arrhythmia, I.sub.Kur-associated disorders, and other disorders mediated by ion channel function.

The invention relates to a method of preparing a composition, the composition comprising a crosslinked first polymer, optionally a second polymer, which may be crosslinked or non-crosslinked, and water, wherein the first and the second polymer are selected from a polysaccharide, comprising at least steps (i) to (iv): (i) crosslinking a mixture comprising the first polymer and water; (ii) subsequent to the crosslinking in step (i), terminating the crosslinking; (iii) optionally blending the product obtained in step (ii) with the second polymer; (iv) subjecting the product obtained in step (iii) to dialysis.

Compounds are described, which are useful as stimulators of sGC, particularly NO-independent, heme-dependent stimulators. These compounds are also useful for treating, preventing or managing various disorders that are herein disclosed.

The present patent application discloses at least the compounds according to Formula I′ shown below, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,

##STR00001##

wherein ring D, ring A, ring E, ring F, J.sup.B, n, J.sup.D, o, R.sup.C1, R.sup.C2, W, J.sup.E, r, J.sup.F, s, Z.sup.1, Z.sup.2 and Z.sup.3 are as defined herein.

The invention relates to compounds of formula I or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, useful as inhibitors of sodium channels: ##STR00001##
The invention also provides pharmaceutically acceptable compositions comprising the compounds of the invention and methods of using the compositions in the treatment of various disorders, including pain.

A parenteral formulation of esmolol hydrochloride for use in the treatment of a patient suffering from tachycardia comprising a lyophilized powder consisting of pure esmolol hydrochloride, wherein said powder is reconstituted to obtain a ready-to-use i.v. solution of esmolol hydrochloride at a concentration of 20-100 mg/mL, and said i.v. solution is directly administered to the patient, and further a method of producing a ready-to-use i.v. solution of esmolol hydrochloride by reconstituting a lyophilized powder consisting of pure esmolol hydrochloride with a solvent, characterized in that said solvent is an i.v. solvent devoid of alcohol or a buffer excipient, in an amount necessary to obtain a ready-to-use i.v. solution at a concentration of 20-100 mg/mL, and the ready-to-use i.v. solution containing a parenteral formulation of 20-100 mg/mL pure esmolol hydrochloride in an infusion device or consisting of a parenteral formulation of 20-100 mg/mL pure esmolol hydrochloride, WFI and/or saline solution, devoid of any alcohol or buffer excipients.