There are provided, inter alia, methods for decreasing mucus elasticity or decreasing mucus viscosity in a subject in need thereof, the methods including administering to the subject an effective amount of a thiosaccharide mucolytic agent, and compounds and pharmaceutical compositions useful for the methods.

There are provided, inter alia, methods for decreasing mucus elasticity or decreasing mucus viscosity in a subject in need thereof, the methods including administering to the subject an effective amount of a thiosaccharide mucolytic agent, and compounds and pharmaceutical compositions useful for the methods.

The present invention provides bicyclic heterocyclyl kinase enzyme inhibitor compounds of formula (I), which are therapeutically useful as kinase inhibitors, particularly IRAK4 inhibitors. ##STR00001##
wherein A, Y, Z, X.sub.1, X.sub.2, X.sub.3, R.sub.1, R.sub.3, ‘m’, ‘n’ and ‘p’ have the meanings given in the specification and pharmaceutically acceptable salt or stereoisomer thereof that are useful in the treatment and prevention of diseases or disorder, in particular their use in diseases or disorder mediated by kinase enzyme, particularly IRAK4 enzyme. The present invention also provides pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one of the compounds of compound of formula (I) together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, diluent or excipient therefor.

An object of the present invention is to provide a compound exhibiting an excellent drug efficacy as an anti-adenoviral agent, and an anti-adenoviral agent. The present invention provides an anti-adenoviral agent including a compound represented by General Formula [1]

##STR00001##

(in the formula, R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an amino group which may be substituted, a monocyclic nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring group which may be substituted (provided that a nitrogen atom forming the ring is bonded to a carbon atom to which R.sup.1 is bonded), a monocyclic nitrogen- and oxygen-containing heterocyclic ring group which may be substituted (provided that a nitrogen atom forming the ring is bonded to a carbon atom to which R.sup.1 is bonded), a C.sub.1-6 alkoxy group which may be substituted, a hydroxyl group which may be protected, or the like; R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom or an amino protecting group; R.sup.3 represents a C.sub.1-20 alkoxy group which may be substituted, an aryloxy group which may be substituted, an amino group which may be substituted, or the like; R.sup.4 represents a C.sub.1-20 alkoxy group which may be substituted, an aryloxy group which may be substituted, an amino group which may be substituted, or the like; and X represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom) or a salt thereof.

Provided is a novel compound that has an excellent β-lactamase inhibitory effect. More specifically, provided is a compound represented by formula (1a), (1b) or (11) having an excellent β-lactamase inhibitory effect or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. By using this compound either in combination with a β-lactam drug or alone, a useful preventive or therapeutic agent for bacterial infections is provided. Also provided are useful preventive or therapeutic agents for treating various diseases with the combined use of the aforesaid compound and β-lactam drugs.

Isolated human monoclonal antibodies which bind to and inhibit human CD25, and related antibody-based compositions and molecules, are disclosed. The human antibodies can be produced by a hybridoma, a transfectoma or in a nonhuman transgenic animal, e.g., a transgenic mouse, capable of producing multiple isotypes of human monoclonal antibodies by undergoing V-D-J recombination and isotype switching. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions comprising the human antibodies, nonhuman transgenic animals, hybridomas and transfectomas which produce the human antibodies, and therapeutic and diagnostic methods for using the human antibodies.

Disclosed are methods of preparing an isolated population of human papillomavirus (HPV)-specific T cells comprise dividing an HPV-positive tumor sample into multiple fragments; separately culturing the multiple fragments; obtaining T cells from the cultured multiple fragments; testing the T cells for specific autologous HPV-positive tumor recognition; selecting the T cells that exhibit specific autologous HPV-positive tumor recognition; and expanding the number of selected T cells to produce a population of HPV-specific T cells for adoptive cell therapy. Related methods of treating or preventing cancer using the T cells are also disclosed.

In one aspect, a method of treating a disorder associated with chronic inflammation includes administering to an individual in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of isomyosmine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the disorder is a cancer, an autoimmune disorder, hypertension, or autism. In other aspects, isomyosmine is administered to treat viral infections or disorders associated with elevated levels of hydrogen peroxide and/or other Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS).

The present invention provides peptides an peptide analogs that have tissue protective activities while having little or no potentionally undesirable hematopoietic effects. The peptides and peptide analogs are useful in preventing and treating a variety of diseases and disorders associated with tissue damage.

Compositions useful in the treatment of cough and cold symptoms, including but not limited to, cough, nasal congestion and sore throat, are disclosed.