5-HT receptor agonists are useful in the treatment of a variety of diseases. Provided herein are methods of treating and/or reducing the occurrence of respiratory depression caused by an opioid in a human patient or patient population using a 5-HT receptor agonist, such as, for example, a 5-HT4 agonist (e.g., fenfluramine). Methods of stimulating one or more 5-HT.sub.4 receptors in the brain of a patient undergoing treatment with an opioid, wherein the patient is at risk of respiratory depression, by administering a 5-HT4 agonist (e.g., fenfluramine) to a subject in need thereof are provided. Pharmaceutical compositions for use in practicing the subject methods are also provided.

An aspect of the present disclosure relates to a composition for improving respiratory health exposed to particulate matter, which contains a green tea extract, a green tea polysaccharide and a green tea flavonol as active ingredients. The composition provided in an aspect of the present disclosure can improve respiratory health damaged by exposure to particulate matter by enhancing the effect of preventing adsorption of particulate matter to bronchial epithelial cells and activating the cilia of bronchial epithelial cells. The composition provided in an aspect of the present disclosure may decrease blood heavy metal level.

An aspect of the present disclosure relates to a composition for improving respiratory health exposed to particulate matter, which contains a green tea extract, a green tea polysaccharide and a green tea flavonol as active ingredients. The composition provided in an aspect of the present disclosure can improve respiratory health damaged by exposure to particulate matter by enhancing the effect of preventing adsorption of particulate matter to bronchial epithelial cells and activating the cilia of bronchial epithelial cells. The composition provided in an aspect of the present disclosure may decrease blood heavy metal level.

The disclosure provides methods of preventing or treating mitochondrial myopathy in a mammalian subject, reducing risk factors associated with mitochondrial myopathy, and/or reducing the likelihood or severity of mitochondrial myopathy. The methods comprise administering to the subject an effective amount of an aromatic-cationic peptide.

The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I) as GPR65 modulators for the treatment of a proliferative disorder, such as e.g. cancer, an immune disorder, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (CORD) or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Preferred compounds are e.g. N-(Pyridin-2-yl)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-5,8-epiminocyclohepta[c]pyridine-10-carboxamide derivatives and similar compounds, such as e.g. (5R,8S)N-(4-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)-1-fluoro-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-5,8-epiminocyclohepta[c]pyridine-10-carboxamide (compound 1)

##STR00001##

The invention relates to modified siRNA compounds which down-regulate target gene expression, to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds and to methods of treating and/or preventing the incidence or severity of various diseases or conditions associated with the genes and/or symptoms associated with such diseases or conditions.

The invention relates to substituted bicyclic compounds, which are useful for inhibition of BET protein function by binding to bromodomains, pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds, and use of the compounds and compositions in therapy.

The invention provides polypeptides comprising a complement factor B analog. The invention also provides various complement factor B analogs including complement factor B analogs comprising a mutation of a free cysteine amino acid and related methods, nucleic acids and vectors. These complement factor B analogs and related methods, nucleic acids and vectors can be used to modulate a complement pathway or for the study and/or treatment of various conditions or diseases related to a complement pathway.

The present invention relates to a novel regulatory T cell protein. This protein, designated PD-L3 OR VISTA resembles members of the PD-L1 family, identified a novel and structurally-distinct, Ig-superfamily inhibitory ligand, whose extracellular domain bears homology to the B7 family ligand PD-L1. This molecule is designated as PD-L3 OR VISTA or V-domain Immunoglobulin Suppressor of T cell Activation (VISTA). Expression of VISTA is primarily within the hematopoietic compartment and is highly regulated on myeloid APCs and T cells. Therapeutic intervention of the VISTA inhibitory pathway represents a novel approach to modulate T cell-mediated immunity for the treatment of a wide variety of cancers, e.g., ovarian, bladder cancer and melanomas. Also, VISTA proteins, especially multimeric VISTA proteins and antibodies may be used to suppress T cell immunity in autoimmune disease, allergy, infection and inflammatory conditions, e.g. multiple sclerosis and arthritic conditions such as RA.

The invention relates to a compound of formula (I) ##STR00001##
wherein R.sup.1 to R.sup.4 are defined as in the description and in the claims. The compound of formula (I) can be used as a medicament.