A display apparatus includes a substrate, a first electrode on the substrate, the first electrode including a first portion that has a flat upper surface and a second portion that protrudes from the first portion and has an inclined surface, a second electrode facing the first electrode in parallel on the substrate, the second electrode including a first portion that has a flat upper surface and a second portion that protrudes from the first portion and has an inclined surface, and a plurality of light-emitting devices separate from each other on the first electrode and the second electrode, the light-emitting devices each having a first end contacting the upper surface of the first portion of the first electrode and a second end contacting the upper surface of the first portion of the second electrode.

A light emitting device includes first and second electrodes spaced apart from each other on a substrate, at least one bar-type LED having a first end on the first electrode and a second end on the second electrode, and an insulative support body between the substrate and the bar-type LED. The at least one bar-type LED has a length greater than a width.

A deposition device is described. The deposition device has a substrate support and a laser imaging system disposed to image a portion of a substrate positioned on the substrate support. The laser imaging system comprises a laser source and an imaging unit, and is coupled to a deposition assembly disposed across the substrate support.

An inkjet printing apparatus may form a material layer on a substrate. The inkjet printing apparatus includes a stage, an ink-receiving member, and an inkjet head. The stage may support the substrate. The inkjet head overlaps at least one of the stage and the ink-receiving member, may provide a first set of ink to the substrate, and may provide a second set of ink to the ink-receiving member when the substrate is supported by the stage.

A deposition device is described. The deposition device has a substrate support and a laser imaging system disposed to image a portion of a substrate positioned on the substrate support. The laser imaging system comprises a laser source and an imaging unit, and is coupled to a deposition assembly disposed across the substrate support.

An inkjet printing apparatus includes: a stage, which reciprocates in forward and reverse directions opposite to each other and has a target substrate disposed thereon; an inspection device including a film disposed outside the stage and a measurement unit which measures an inspection pattern provided on the film; and a head assembly, which moves along one direction crossing the forward direction and has a plurality of heads which supplies a liquid composition to the target substrate. The head assembly moves in the one direction to overlap the film and sprays the composition onto the film to form an inspection pattern.

The disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for preventing oxidation or contamination during a circuit printing operation. The circuit printing operation can be directed to OLED-type printing. In an exemplary embodiment, the printing process is conducted at a load-locked printer housing having one or more of chambers. Each chamber is partitioned from the other chambers by physical gates or fluidic curtains. A controller coordinates transportation of a substrate through the system and purges the system by timely opening appropriate gates. The controller may also control the printing operation by energizing the print-head at a time when the substrate is positioned substantially thereunder.

An inkjet printing apparatus includes: an inkjet head including nozzles that discharge an ink; and a controller that controls to discharge the ink by the nozzles. The controller includes: a nozzle coordinate analyzer that analyzes coordinates of the nozzles based on a substrate; a nozzle selection probability grantor that assigns a nozzle selection probability the nozzles that how likely the nozzles are selected to discharge the ink; and an ink discharge determinator that determines whether to discharge the ink or not based on the nozzle selection probability.

The disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for preventing oxidation or contamination during a circuit printing operation. The circuit printing operation can be directed to OLED-type printing. In an exemplary embodiment, the printing process is conducted at a load-locked printer housing having one or more of chambers. Each chamber is partitioned from the other chambers by physical gates or fluidic curtains. A controller coordinates transportation of a substrate through the system and purges the system by timely opening appropriate gates. The controller may also control the printing operation by energizing the print-head at a time when the substrate is positioned substantially thereunder.

An apparatus and a method for rapid monitoring of inkjet ink droplets using time delay integration are proposed. Inkjet ink droplets used in manufacturing a display panel may be captured for a set period of time using a wide one-dimensional (1D) line scan camera to obtain a plurality of pieces of high-resolution small-amount image data. The obtained plurality of pieces of high-resolution small-amount image data may be subjected to image processing to generate ink droplet two-dimensional (2D) time-space information. The ink droplet two-dimensional (2D) time-space information may be compared with pre-stored reference ink droplet 2D time-space information to determine whether the ink droplets are normal.