This invention relates to a prodrug of the monophosphate nucleotide of the well-known oncology drug gemcitabine. Specifically, it relates to gemcitabine-[phenyl-benzoxy-L-alaninyl)]-phosphate when present as a single phosphate diastereoisomer and, in particular, it relates to the (S)-phosphate diastereoisomer which offers a remarkable and unexpected increase in solubility relative to the (R)-diastereoisomer. The (S)-phosphate epimer is also preferentially taken up into cyclodextrin solutions over the (R)-diastereoisomer.

Provided herein are novel methods and composition utilizing adipose tissue-derived stromal stem cells for treating fistulae.

The present invention provides CDCA1-derived epitope peptides having the ability to induce cytotoxic T cells. The present invention further provides polynucleotides encoding the peptides, antigen-presenting cells presenting the peptides, and cytotoxic T cells targeting the peptides, as well as methods of inducing the antigen-presenting cells or CTLs. The present invention also provides compositions and pharmaceutical compositions containing them as an active ingredient. Further, the present invention provides methods of treating and/or preventing cancer, and/or preventing postoperative recurrence thereof, using the peptides, polynucleotides, antigen-presenting cells, cytotoxic T cells or pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention. Methods of inducing an immune response against cancer are also provided.

The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising a P2X.sub.3 and/or P2X.sub.2/3 receptor antagonist for the treatment of neuropathic pain, nociceptive pain or visceral pain, as well as interstitial cystitis and/or bladder pain syndrome.

It is a pharmaceutical composition for treating and/or preventing neuropathic pain, nociceptive pain, or visceral pain, as well as interstitial cystitis and/or bladder pain syndrome, comprising a compound represented by Formula (I):

##STR00001##

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising a P2X.sub.3 and/or P2X.sub.2/3 receptor antagonist for the treatment of neuropathic pain, nociceptive pain or visceral pain, as well as interstitial cystitis and/or bladder pain syndrome.

It is a pharmaceutical composition for treating and/or preventing neuropathic pain, nociceptive pain, or visceral pain, as well as interstitial cystitis and/or bladder pain syndrome, comprising a compound represented by Formula (I):

##STR00001##

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Described herein are methods of treating high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (HR-NMIBC) comprising administering a fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) inhibitor. Also described are methods of treating intermediate risk non-muscle a invasive bladder cancer (IR-NMIBC) comprising administering an FGFR inhibitor.

Described herein are methods of treating high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (HR-NMIBC) comprising administering a fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) inhibitor. Also described are methods of treating intermediate risk non-muscle a invasive bladder cancer (IR-NMIBC) comprising administering an FGFR inhibitor.

The present embodiments are directed, in part, to compounds, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, or pharmaceutical compositions thereof for modulating the activity of delta opioid receptor, biased and/or unbiased, and/or methods for treating pain, migraines, headaches, depression, Parkinsons Disease, anxiety, and/or overactive bladder, and other disorders and conditions described herein or any combination thereof.

Provided is a therapeutic or prophylactic agent for pain or interstitial cystitis comprising N-[2-(6,6-dimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-H-indazol-3-yl)-1H-indol-6-yl]-N-methyl-(2S)-2-(morpholin-4-yl)propanamide or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Provided is a therapeutic or prophylactic agent for pain or interstitial cystitis comprising N-[2-(6,6-dimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-H-indazol-3-yl)-1H-indol-6-yl]-N-methyl-(2S)-2-(morpholin-4-yl)propanamide or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.