A glass tube semi-finished product or a hollow glass product manufactured from the glass tube semi-finished product is provided with a first marking with information on the origin and/or tube-specific production data of the glass tube semi-finished product, which marking is read from the hollow glass product after its manufacture to determine the origin and/or the tube-specific production data of the glass tube semi-finished product, e.g., to identify the semi-finished glass tube from which the hollow glass product has been made, and/or trace the tube-specific production data of this glass tube semi-finished product. This means that the entire supply chain for the hollow glass product from the supplier of the originally used glass tube semi-finished product up to the end product can be determined. The physical and chemical characteristics of the glass tube semi-finished product are not altered for producing the first marking.

A method of manufacturing a metal product comprise forming a base region on a surface of a metal member by repeatedly scanning along a predetermined first direction while irradiating the surface of the metal member with a base laser beam over a first set of rows. The method further comprises forming a marking by repeatedly scanning along a predetermined second direction while irradiating the surface of the metal member with a marking laser beam over a second set of rows. The second direction is different from the first direction. An identification code having a predetermined pattern comprises a combination of the base region and the marking.

An inkjet printhead, a system including an inject printhead, and a method for applying primer to a target area on an outer surface of a ceramic body. The inkjet printhead comprises an ink chamber comprising the primer therein. The primer comprises a pigment, a binder, and a solvent. The primer also comprises a surface tension of at least about 40 mN/m. A spray nozzle is connected to the ink chamber and comprises an exit opening that comprises an area of less than about 20,000 square microns. The spray nozzle is configured to eject droplets of the primer from the exit opening at an average exit velocity of less than about 4 m/s.

Provided is a decorating method for decorating a metal component by laser irradiation. The method includes performing laser irradiation while scanning, with a first element as a starting point, along a direction toward the metal component, and an oxide film is formed on the front surface of the metal component by the laser irradiation.

Disclosed is a method for associating a marking with an object, including the following steps:—identifying the position of at least two different elements of the marking in relation to the marking and/or the object; and—measuring a relative distance between at least two identified elements; then—recording in a database the position of at least two identified elements, and the relative distance between the identified elements so that the position of two identified elements is correlated with the measurement relating to their distance.

Described herein a heat transfer label comprising a support portion comprising a release layer having a first side and a second side and a first carrier at least partially disposed on the first side of the release layer; and a transfer portion comprising a engravable first ink layer having a first side and a second side; and an adhesive layer having a first side and a second side, wherein a graphic design is engraved on the first ink layer using the laser light after the heat transfer label is at least partially bonded onto a substrate. Also described herein are methods of laser engraving a heat transfer label comprising at least partially bonding the heat transfer label described herein onto a substrate; and at least partially laser engraving the ink layer.

A method for manufacturing a sintered body having one or more hard constituents in a metallic binder phase, the method including the steps of forming a green body from a powder composition including at least the one or more hard constituents, the metallic binder phase, and an organic binder system, forming a pattern in a surface of the green body such as to provide a tag enabling individual identification of the green body, and sintering the green body with the tag to form a sintered body having a smaller volume than the green body. The pattern is formed such that the tag is readable after the sintering operation.

The disclosed embodiments relate to the monitoring and control of additive manufacturing. In particular, a method is shown for removing errors inherent in thermal measurement equipment so that the presence of errors in a product build operation can be identified and acted upon with greater precision. Instead of monitoring a grid of discrete locations on the build plane with a temperature sensor, the intensity, duration and in some cases position of each scan is recorded in order to characterize one or more build operations.

A solvent layer is coated on a metal layer carried by a donor substrate, allowing the fabrication of solid metal lines at a high resolution. The laser jetting involves ejecting metal particles, constrained within a solvent membrane, from the metal layer. Once the metal particles have been deposited onto a receiver substrate, the solvent can be evaporated. Since this printing procedure can be performed with the solvent layer in direct contact with the receiver substrate or separated therefrom by a small distance, the resolution of the metal lines can be very high and depends directly on the laser spot size and defocus. The solvent constrains the droplet size of the metal particles, which can increase or maintain the resolution of the laser beam. As this process is a continuous sequence production, the metal line production can be performed at a very rapid rate.

A method of forming a non-optically detectable identifiable marking invisible to the naked eye is formed from plural recesses of multiple levels at an outer surface of an article formed from a solid-state material. The method includes forming plural recesses of multiple levels within a predetermined region of a photoresist applied to an outer surface of an article formed from a solid-state material. The plural recesses are formed by grayscale lithography and the recesses extend at least partially through the photoresist and towards the outer surface of the article formed from a solid-state material. The method also includes applying an etching process such that at least a portion of the outer surface of said article is exposed and etched to form plural etched portions extending into the article from its outer surface and corresponding to plural recesses; wherein said predetermined region of said photoresist defines an identifiable marking to be applied to the outer surface of said article; wherein said plurality of etched portions forms the non-optically identifiable marking on the outer surface of said article.