Disclosed are methods, compounds, and compositions useful for increasing autophagy and promoting longevity. The methods, compounds, and compositions relate to urolithins and urolithin precursors and use thereof. Certain urolithins are represented by Formula I, while certain urolithin precursors are represented by Formula IV. The urolithin may be urolithin A, urolithin B, urolithin C, or urolithin D. The urolithin precursor may be ellagic acid or an ellagitannin. The methods include in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro uses of the compounds and compositions.

Disclosed herein are compositions and methods for treating a sigma-2 receptor-mediated condition or disorder, including treating one or more symptoms of a sigma-2 receptor-mediated condition or disorder.

Methods and compositions for treating diseases or disorders of the nervous system using promoter-driven Designer Receptor Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs (DREADDs) and DREADD agonists are disclosed.

Methods and compositions for treating diseases or disorders of the nervous system using promoter-driven Designer Receptor Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs (DREADDs) and DREADD agonists are disclosed.

The present invention provides a class of pyrimidinedione cyclohexenyl compounds and methods of using these compounds as glucocorticoid receptor modulators.

Provided is 5-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-7-cyclopropyl-3-(2-(3-fluoro-3-methylazetidin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl)-3,7-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-one and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and their uses in the treatment of psychiatric, neurological, and neurodevelopmental disorders, as well as diseases of the nervous system.

Provided is 5-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-7-cyclopropyl-3-(2-(3-fluoro-3-methylazetidin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl)-3,7-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-one and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and their uses in the treatment of psychiatric, neurological, and neurodevelopmental disorders, as well as diseases of the nervous system.

Compositions and methods for treating a depressive disorder or an anxiety disorder in a subject in need of such treatment are described herein. A therapeutically effective amount of a composition comprising a melanocortin 5 receptor (MC5R) peptide ligand according to the following: ##STR00001##
in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier is administered to the subject. Xaa can be Cha or Pro. The MC5R peptide is a selective MC5R antagonist, and administration thereof to the subject can treat the depressive or anxiety disorder with clinical improvement observed in a relatively short time.

The present invention provides a compound having a cholinergic muscarinic M1 receptor positive allosteric modulator activity and useful as an agent for the prophylaxis or treatment of Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, pain, sleep disorder, Parkinson's disease dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies, and the like.

The present invention relates to a compound represented by the formula (I) or a salt thereof.

##STR00001##

wherein each symbol is as described in the specification, or a salt thereof.

The subject matter herein is directed to carbazole-containing amide, carbamate, and urea derivatives and pharmaceutically acceptable salts or hydrates thereof of structural formula I wherein the variable R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6, R.sub.7, A, D, E, G, J, L, M, Q, a, and b are accordingly described. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds of formula I to treat a Cry-mediated disease or disorder, such as diabetes, complications associated with diabetes, Cushing's syndrome, NASH, NAFLD, asthma, and COPD.

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