Methods of crossbreeding dikaryotic fungus organisms to yield a hybrid fungus organism with a novel or enhanced phytochemical. The methods include providing a first growth medium; placing a first dikaryotic fungus organism with a first phytochemical on the first growth medium; placing a second dikaryotic fungus organism with a second phytochemical on the first growth medium adjacent to the first dikaryotic fungus organism; allowing the first dikaryotic fungus organism to replicate and to form a first colony on the first growth medium; allowing the second dikaryotic fungus organism to replicate and to form a second colony on the first growth medium; and allowing the first colony and the second colony to expand until they intersect along a clamp line where the first colony and the second colony exchange genetic material between them to yield a hybrid fungus organism with a novel or enhanced phytochemical.

A method of producing cannabinoids for use in medical treatments by growing cultured Cannabis sativa plant cells through tissue culture, the method comprising the steps of: selecting Cannabis sativa leaf tissue for culture; and growing a tissue culture from the selected leaf tissue in a liquid based medium whilst controlling the light exposure of the tissue culture to control the cannabinoid content of the tissue culture. Control of the light exposure can enable the phytocannabinoid content of the grown tissue culture to be tailored to the use intended for the tissue culture. For example, the THC content of the tissue culture can be controlled to be maximised or minimised depending on the intended use. Use of tissue culture is beneficial as compared to prior art methods as it allows for genetic consistency and reduces the resources necessary to produce plant cells containing phytocannabinoids.

Disclosed are methods of obtaining clonal seeds, methods of plant cloning, methods of screening for maternal plants that produce clonal seeds asexually and methods of increasing yield of clonal seeds. Also disclosed are constructs comprising a nucleic acid that may silence the activity of a RNA-dependent DNA methylation pathway gene. Further disclosed are maternal plants comprising a construct wherein the construct comprises an exogenous nucleic acid sequence, wherein the construct renders the maternal plant defective for RNA-dependent DNA methylation.

An method of generating and selecting mutant Cannabis plants through mutagenesis of isolated Cannabis plant cells includes subjecting plant parts of one or more Cannabis plants to a pectinase treatment to obtain living cells of the one or more Cannabis plants, suspending the living cells in a mutagenic solution comprising methane sulfonate (EMS) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to obtain mutated Cannabis cells, centrifuging the mutated Cannabis cells to obtain pelleted cells, and providing the pelleted cells on culture media.

A method for generating new varieties of Cannabis plants with modified growth and cannabinoid phytochemical profiles includes subjecting plant parts of one or more Cannabis plants to pectinase digestion to release plant cells, centrifuging the released plant cells to obtain pelleted cells, and providing the pelleted cells on culture media. The pelleted cells are plated on a first culture media, which is a Murashige and Skoog or Gamborg B5 callus culture media.

The present disclosure provides approaches for reducing tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) in tobacco. Some of these approaches include genetically engineering tobacco plants to increase one or more antioxidants, increase oxygen radicle absorbance capacity (ORAC), or reduce nitrite. Also provided are methods and compositions for producing modified tobacco plants and tobacco products therefrom comprising reduced TSNAs.

The present invention provides a longitudinally split immature tiller separated from a rhizome (LSITR), a cluster of multiple in vitro shoots (CMIT), a cluster of stem segments containing shoot primordia (CSSSP) and an in vitro tiller of Miscanthus×giganteus (Giant miscanthus), and their uses in propagating Miscanthus×giganteus (Giant miscanthus).

The invention provides seed and plants of pepper hybrid SVPB8415 and the parent lines thereof. The invention thus relates to the plants, seeds and tissue cultures of pepper hybrid SVPB8415 and the parent lines thereof, and to methods for producing a pepper plant produced by crossing such plants with themselves or with another pepper plant, such as a plant of another genotype. The invention further relates to seeds and plants produced by such crossing. The invention further relates to parts of such plants, including the fruit and gametes of such plants.

The present disclosure relates to methods for the cultivation of perennial artichoke plants. Specifically, the present disclosure relates to methods of cultivating artichoke plants to increase the uniformity and yield of marketable products (e.g. edible mature buds), and to accurately program and condense the harvest interval of artichoke plants grown as perennials in a planting field in order to reduce production and harvesting costs.

A hybrid mint plant characterized by an essential oil composition profile, methods of cultivating the hybrid mint plant, and methods of producing an essential oil composition with the essential oil composition profile using the hybrid mint plant are disclosed.