Methods and compositions are provided which comprise effective amounts of analgesic to treat a subject, including reducing or eliminating an adverse effect associated with the analgesic.

The invention relates to compounds of formula (I) or formula (II)

##STR00001##

having pharmacological activity towards the sigma receptor, for use in the treatment or prevention of osteoarthritis and pain due to osteoarthritis.

The invention provides proteins from group B streptococcus (Streptococcus agalactiae) and group A streptococcus (Streptococcus pyogenes), including amino acid sequences and the corresponding nucleotide sequences. Data are given to show that the proteins are useful antigens for vaccines, immunogenic compositions, and/or diagnostics. The proteins are also targets for antibiotics.

The invention provides novel, multiply-substituted 1-aryl-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexanes, and related processes and intermediates for preparing these compounds, as well as compositions and methods employing these compounds for the treatment and/or prevention of central nervous system (CNS) disorders, including depression and anxiety.

The invention relates to spiro derivatives, to the use of said derivatives intreating diseases and conditions mediated by modulation of voltage-gated sodium channels, to compositions containing said derivatives and processes for their preparation.

The present invention provides compounds, pharmaceutical compositions, methods of inhibiting RORγ activity and/or reducing the amount of IL-17 in a subject, and methods of treating various medical disorders using such compounds and pharmaceutical compositions.

Provided herein are compounds, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds, methods of preparing the compounds, and methods of using the compounds and compositions in treating conditions associated with voltage-gated sodium channel function where the compounds are 11,13-modified saxitoxins according to Formula (I):

##STR00001##

where R.sup.1, X.sup.1 and X.sup.3 are as described herein.

The invention provides the use of a compound for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of pain, wherein the compound is a compound of the formula (VI): ##STR00001##
or a salt, solvate, tautomer or N-oxide thereof;
wherein the bicyclic group: ##STR00002##
is selected from the structures C1, C5 and C6: ##STR00003##
wherein n, R.sup.1, R.sup.2a, R.sup.3, R.sup.4a, R.sup.8 and R.sup.10 are as defined in the claims. The invention also provides the use of a compound of the formula (VI) for the manufacture of a medicament for the prophylaxis or treatment of a fungal, protozoal, viral or parasitic disease state or condition (other than a disease state or condition due to Plasmodium falciparum) or for use in the prophylaxis or treatment of Ewing's sarcoma, atherosclerosis or lupus erythematosus.

A pharmaceutical composition which is different from an existing therapeutic agent of an adult disease, of a biochemical reaction-inhibiting type, and which action mechanism is to improve the basal metabolism, wherein the composition has no side effects, and does not generate drug resistance against adult disease; and a method for preventing/treating an adult disease by using the same. A composition for preventing/ameliorating an adult disease such as metabolic syndrome, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, impaired liver function, renal failure, adiposity, erectile dysfunction, menopausal disorder, shoulder discomfort, and low back pain, comprising 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), its derivative, or salt thereof, preferably comprising ALA, its derivative, or salt thereof, and an iron compound such as sodium ferrous citrate, iron sodium citrate and iron ammonium citrate; a food or food material for preventing/ameliorating an adult disease comprising the composition; and a method for using the composition for preparing an agent for preventing/ameliorating an adult disease.

The invention relates to a compound of Formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: wherein R1 is C1-8 alkyl, C1-8 alkoxy, CN, NO.sub.2, amino, COOH, COOCH.sub.3, OH, N.sub.3, or halogen and R2 is H, OH, C1-8 alkyl, C1-8 alkoxy, C2-C6 alkenyl, halogen, Bn-O—, Bn- optionally substituted, or Ph- optionally substituted.

##STR00001##