Plant-based medicinal compounds or nutritional supplements in various carrier combinations are described. The carriers can include N-acylated fatty amino acids, penetration enhancers, and/or various other beneficial carriers. The plant-based composition/carrier combinations can create administration benefits.

A formulation containing a cannabinoid or cannabinoid analogue in a delivery system, wherein the delivery system includes a mixture of at least one lipid and at least one surfactant, wherein the formulation self-emulsifies in an aqueous medium.

The present invention provides compositions useful in reducing or preventing pain in a subject in need thereof. In one embodiment, the compositions comprise a halogenated volatile compound. The present invention further includes a method of reducing or preventing pain in a subject in need thereof, the method comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a composition of the invention. Dosing regimens contemplated within the invention include one-time administration, continuous administration or periodic administration.

This invention relates to compounds that are agonists of the muscarinic M1 receptor and/or M4 receptor and which are useful in the treatment of muscarinic M1/M4 receptor mediated diseases. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds and the therapeutic uses of the compounds. Compounds include those according to formula 1, or a salt thereof, wherein Q, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are as defined herein. ##STR00001##

The present invention relates to novel gold nanocrystals and nanocrystal shape distributions that have surfaces that are substantially free from organic impurities or films. Specifically, the surfaces are clean relative to the surfaces of gold nanoparticles made using chemical reduction processes that require organic reductants and/or surfactants to grow gold nanoparticles from gold ions in solution.

The invention includes novel electrochemical manufacturing apparatuses and techniques for making the gold-based nanocrystals. The invention further includes pharmaceutical compositions thereof and the use of the gold nanocrystals or suspensions or colloids thereof for the treatment or prevention of diseases or conditions for which gold therapy is already known and more generally for conditions resulting from pathological cellular activation, such as inflammatory (including chronic inflammatory) conditions, autoimmune conditions, hypersensitivity reactions and/or cancerous diseases or conditions. In one embodiment, the condition is mediated by MIF (macrophage migration inhibiting factor).

Described herein are compounds and compositions for the amelioration of arthritis or joint injuries by inducing mesenchymal stem cells into chondrocytes.

Methods of treating disorders in which TNF activity is detrimental via biweekly, subcutaneous administration of human antibodies, preferably recombinant human antibodies, that specifically bind to human tumor necrosis factor (hTNF) are disclosed. The antibody may be administered with or without methotrexate. These antibodies have high affinity for hTNF (e.g., K.sub.d=10.sup.8 M or less), a slow off rate for hTNF dissociation (e.g., K.sub.off=10.sup.3 sec.sup.1 or less) and neutralize hTNF activity in vitro and in vivo. An antibody of the invention can be a full-length antibody or an antigen-binding portion thereof. Kits containing a pharmaceutical composition and instructions for dosing, and preloaded syringes containing pharmaceutical compositions are also encompassed by the invention.

The invention relates to double-stranded ribonucleic acid (dsRNA) compositions targeting the ALAS1 gene, and methods of using such dsRNA compositions to alter (e.g., inhibit) expression of ALAS1.

The present invention relates to a solid extended release pharmaceutical dosage form, comprising a mixture in the form of an extended release matrix formulation, the mixture comprising at least: (1) at least one poly(e-caprolactone), and (2) at least one polyethylene oxide, and (3) at least one active agent.

Method for preventing or treating neuropathic and/or inflammatory pain, wherein said method comprises administering at least one effective dose of the phosphorothioate oligonucleotide IMT504. The preventive method may be applied to a mammal to be subjected to a medical or surgical intervention, or to a mammal that may be injured performing a risky task (for example, a soldier in a battle) to prevent development of pain after a medical intervention or injury.