Analgesic compounds for treatment of pain or fever that include a bicyclopentane moiety linked to an amine, combinations of the compounds with opioid analgesic drugs, and methods for treating pain or fever by administering a compound described herein.

The present invention features compositions and methods for treating gluten-related disorders. We describe compositions comprising one or more metabolites produced by Lactobacillus paracasei CBA L74, International Depository Accession Number LMG P-24778 that reduce cellular entry of gliadin peptides. The compositions may include a physiologically acceptable carrier, for example, a food product or a pharmaceutical carrier. The compositions can be administered to a subject having a gluten-related disorder, for example, celiac disease or gluten sensitivity.

The invention concerns inhibition of the production of proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-17 (IL-17) by T cells, using an antagonist of interleukin-23 (IL-23). The invention further concerns the use of IL-23 antagonists in the treatment of inflammatory diseases characterized by the presence of elevated levels of IL-17. IL-23 antagonists include, without limitation, antibodies specifically binding to a subunit or IL-17 or an IL-17 receptor. The invention additionally concerns induction of IL-7 production by using an IL-23 agonist.

The present invention provides water-soluble acetaminophen prodrugs and formulations which may be suitable for parenteral administration. Methods of treating a disease or condition responsive to acetaminophen (such as fever and/or pain) using the acetaminophen prodrugs, as well as kits, unit dosages, and combinations with additional pharmaceutical agent(s) are also provided.

Disclosed herein are compounds of formula (I)

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and therapeutic methods of treatment with compounds of formula (I), wherein L.sup.1, L.sup.2, L.sup.4, R.sup.1, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, and s are as defined in the specification. Compounds of formula (I) are EP4 agonists useful in the treatment of glaucoma, neuropathic pain, and related disorders.

Provided are methods of sanitizing a subject, and methods of anesthetizing a subject. Further provided are methods of treating and/or preventing dermatological disorders, reducing skin inflammation, reducing pain, and/or reducing itch in a subject in need thereof. The methods may include administering to the subject an effective amount of a TRPA1 and/or TRPV4 inhibitor. Further provided are compositions including a TRPA1 and/or TRPV4 inhibitor compound in combination with a carrier, vehicle, or diluent that is suitable for topical application.

Provided are methods of sanitizing a subject, and methods of anesthetizing a subject. Further provided are methods of treating and/or preventing dermatological disorders, reducing skin inflammation, reducing pain, and/or reducing itch in a subject in need thereof. The methods may include administering to the subject an effective amount of a TRPA1 and/or TRPV4 inhibitor. Further provided are compositions including a TRPA1 and/or TRPV4 inhibitor compound in combination with a carrier, vehicle, or diluent that is suitable for topical application.

The present invention relates to a beverage preparation capsule for the delivery of a solubilisate, a beverage dispensing system configured for the use of such a beverage preparation capsule and a method for preparing a beverage by means of such a beverage dispensing system. Poorly water-soluble dietary supplements or pharmaceutical active agents can be delivered in this new dosage form in order to increase the bioavailability of these substances.

Aspects of the invention include methods of managing pain in a subject by applying a transdermal delivery device containing a dexmedetomidine composition formulated to deliver a pain relieving effective amount of dexmedetomidine to a subject experiencing pain. In practicing methods according to certain embodiments, a transdermal delivery device having a dexmedetomidine composition is applied to a subject and is maintained in contact with the subject in a manner sufficient to deliver an amount of dexmedetomidine effective to manage pain in the subject. Also provided are transdermal delivery devices configured to deliver dexmedetomidine sufficient for practicing the subject methods, as well as kits containing the transdermal delivery devices.

Described herein are neuroactive steroids of the Formula (I): or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; wherein -----, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.5, A and L are as defined herein. Such compounds are envisioned, in certain embodiments, to behave as GABA modulators. The present invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of the present invention and methods of use and treatment, e.g., such for inducing sedation and/or anesthesia.

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