Antibodies and antigen binding fragments thereof that bind to human protein tyrosine phosphatase beta (HPTPβ), and uses thereof.

The invention relates to methods for modulating the immune function through targeting of CLIP molecules. The result is wide range of new therapeutic regimens for treating, inhibiting the development of, or otherwise dealing with, a multitude of illnesses and conditions, including autoimmune disease, cancer, Alzheimer's disease, allergic disease, transplant and cell graft rejection, HIV infection and other viral, bacterial, and parasitic infection, and AIDS. Methods are also provided for preparing a peptide having the property of being able to displace CLIP by feeding one or more peptide sequences into software that predicts MHC Class II binding regions in an antigen sequence and related products.

It has been discovered that the formulation of Ginger (Zingiber officinale) together with solvents had antineoplastic efficiency on cancerous cells. This formulation has been examined with DMSO and Alcoholic solvents in-vitro. The EC.sub.50 dose on Hep2 cells has been calculated as 800 μg/ml. Higher doses have also been found to be efficient as long as the DMSO content was also increased. The formulation has also been found to be efficient in comparison to reference medicines used in present treatments against Toxoplasma gondii which is a protozoon and it has also been noted that the formulation inhibited the reproduction of and eliminated Toxoplasma gondii. It has been discovered that it is effective on gram positive, gram negative microorganisms, fungi and parasites.

It has been discovered that the formulation of Nigella Sativa together with solvents had antineoplastic efficiency on cancerous cells. This formulation has been examined with DMSO and Alcoholic solvents in-vitro. The EC.sub.50 dose on Hep2 cells have been calculated as 500 μg/ml. Higher doses have also been found to be efficient as long as the DMSO content was also increased. The formulation has also been found to be efficient in comparison to reference medicines used in present treatments against Toxoplasma gondii which is a protozoon and it has also been noted that the formulation inhibited the reproduction of and eliminated Toxoplasma gondii. It has been discovered that it is effective on gram positive, gram negative micro organisms, fungi and parasites.

The present disclosure relates to detergents and cleaning agents comprising at least one protease and at least one organic compound of the formula (I) which acts as a protease inhibitor and therefore is a suitable enzyme stabilizer, and to the use of said compounds as enzyme stabilizers in protease-containing detergents and cleaning agents. The present disclosure also relates to the corresponding washing and cleaning methods and to the use of the detergents and cleaning agents.

Provided herein are Aminopurine compounds of Formula I:

##STR00001## or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, tautomers, isotopologues, or stereoisomers thereof, wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 are as defined herein, compositions comprising an effective amount of an Aminopurine Compound, and methods for treating or preventing animal and human protozoal infections.

Disclosed are compositions, methods, apparatus and kits that take advantage of peripheral blood biomarkers for diagnosing and/or monitoring the Th1 immune status of a subject. In particular, the methods, apparatus and kits are useful for diagnosis, monitoring, making treatment decisions, or management of subjects suspected of having Th1-related disease.

Disclosed are compositions, methods, apparatus and kits that take advantage of peripheral blood biomarkers for diagnosing and/or monitoring the Th1 immune status of a subject. In particular, the methods, apparatus and kits are useful for diagnosis, monitoring, making treatment decisions, or management of subjects suspected of having Th1-related disease.

A use of micro- and nano-MgH.sub.2 compound particles in the inhibition of Leishmania infection and in the treatment of Leishmaniasis is provided. The micro- and nano-MgH.sub.2 compound particles can be used to prepare a pharmaceutical composition for inhibiting Leishmania or to prepare a pharmaceutical composition for treating a skin or mucosal ulcer or visceral damage caused by Leishmania infection. The present disclosure discovers for the first time that the micro- and nano-MgH.sub.2 compound particles can significantly reduce the number of Leishmania in macrophages and inhibit the proliferation of Leishmania, indicating a very prominent insecticidal inhibition effect. The micro- and nano-MgH.sub.2 compound particles of the present disclosure can quickly and effectively cure a skin ulcer and/or a mucosal ulcer caused by Leishmania and an impaired function of an internal organ (mainly liver and spleen) caused by Leishmania and have high biosafety and huge clinical application values.

A use of micro- and nano-MgH.sub.2 compound particles in the inhibition of Leishmania infection and in the treatment of Leishmaniasis is provided. The micro- and nano-MgH.sub.2 compound particles can be used to prepare a pharmaceutical composition for inhibiting Leishmania or to prepare a pharmaceutical composition for treating a skin or mucosal ulcer or visceral damage caused by Leishmania infection. The present disclosure discovers for the first time that the micro- and nano-MgH.sub.2 compound particles can significantly reduce the number of Leishmania in macrophages and inhibit the proliferation of Leishmania, indicating a very prominent insecticidal inhibition effect. The micro- and nano-MgH.sub.2 compound particles of the present disclosure can quickly and effectively cure a skin ulcer and/or a mucosal ulcer caused by Leishmania and an impaired function of an internal organ (mainly liver and spleen) caused by Leishmania and have high biosafety and huge clinical application values.