The present invention relates to methods of treating immune disorders and/or inflammation using certain modulator compounds. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a method of treating an immune and inflammatory disorders disorder by administering a composition comprising a therapeutically effective dosage of an ascaroside compound, or a mixture of ascaroside compounds, or a mixture containing at least one ascaroside.

A set of target peptides are presented by HLA A*0101, A*0201, A*0301, B*4402, B*2705, B*1402, and B*0702 on the surface of disease cells. They are envisioned to among other things (a) stimulate an immune response to the proliferative disease, e.g., cancer, (b) to function as immunotherapeutics in adoptive T cell therapy or as a vaccine, (c) facilitate antibody recognition of tumor boundaries in surgical pathology samples, (d) act as biomarkers for early detection and/or diagnosis of the disease, and (e) act as targets in the generation antibody-like molecules which recognize the target-peptide/MHC complex.

The present invention discloses compounds according to Formula I:

##STR00001##

Wherein R.sup.1a, R.sup.1b, R.sup.2, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6a, R.sup.6b, R.sup.7, R.sup.8, W, X, Cy, and the subscript a are as defined herein.

The present invention relates to compounds inhibiting autotaxin (NPP2 or ENPP2), methods for their production, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same, and methods of treatment using the same, for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of diseases involving fibrotic diseases, proliferative diseases, inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases, respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, dermatological disorders, and/or abnormal angiogenesis associated diseases by administering the compound of the invention.

Specific oral dosings, specific oral dosage forms, and/or specific oral dose regimens including Cladribine can be effective for the treatment of progressive forms of Multiple Sclerosis, especially Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis and/or Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis. Methods of treatment can be based on specific oral dosings, specific oral dosage forms, and/or specific oral dose regimens including Cladribine.

Specific oral dosings, specific oral dosage forms, and/or specific oral dose regimens including Cladribine can be effective for the treatment of progressive forms of Multiple Sclerosis, especially Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis and/or Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis. Methods of treatment can be based on specific oral dosings, specific oral dosage forms, and/or specific oral dose regimens including Cladribine.

The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The compounds act as antagonists of the toll-like receptors TLR7, TLR8 and/or TLR9 and are thus useful in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and lupus nephritis.

##STR00001##

The present invention relates to the conjugates of Tubulysin derivatives (anologs) and cell-binding molecules using branched (side-chain) linkers, and the resulting conjugates have better pharmacokinetic properties, and thus can more accurately target and kill abnormal cells. The invention also relates to the conjugation methods of the Tubulysin derivatives (anologs) to cell-binding molecules, and methods for synthesizing the small molecules, and methods of using the conjugates for targeted therapy for cancers, infections and autoimmune diseases. The conjugates of Tubulysin derivatives with long branched linkers demonstrated increased half-life, minimal exposure to non-targeted cells, tissues or organs in system circulation, leading to reduced off-target toxicity.

A compound of formula I: ##STR00001## or a salt thereof, wherein: R.sup.1 is —OC(H)(X)(CH.sub.2).sub.nC(═O)OH; R.sup.2 is —OH, —N.sub.3, or —N(H)C(═O)CH.sub.3; or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached form ##STR00002## R.sup.3 is —H, —CH.sub.3, —CH.sub.2C(═O)OH, or —CH.sub.2OH; X is —H, —CH.sub.3, —CH.sub.2OH, or CH.sub.2C(═O)OH; and n is 0 or 1.

An immunogenic composition comprising: (i) a non-virion influenza virus antigen, prepared from a virus grown in cell culture; and (ii) an adjuvant. Preferred adjuvants comprise oil-in-water emulsions.

The present disclosure relates to methods for increasing telomere length in one or more human cells and/or increasing genome stability of one or more human cells, for example by contacting one or more human cells with an agent that increases expression of Zscan4 in the one or more human cells. Methods of treating a subject in need of telomere lengthening, treating a disease or condition associated with a genomic and/or chromosome abnormality, of rejuvenating one or more human cells, of rejuvenating tissues or organs, and of rejuvenating a subject in need thereof, for example by contacting one or more human cells in the subject with an agent that increases expression of Zscan4, or by administering to a subject in need thereof, an agent that increases expression of Zscan4 are also provided.