The present invention relates to a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer or solvate thereof for use in the prevention and/or treatment of a pathology associated with proinflammatory conditions, a disease associated with oxidative stress or production of reactive oxygen species or a skin pigmentation disorder. In addition, the invention also relates to a cosmetic method for preventing and/or treating skin aging, irradiated skin or for skin-whitening comprising administering a compound of formula (I) or a cosmetically acceptable salt, stereoisomer or solvate thereof. In addition, the invention relates to a method of inhibition of enzymatic browning in food or beverage comprising contacting said food or beverage with a compound of formula (I) or a salt, stereoisomer or solvate thereof under conditions sufficient to inhibit enzymatic browning of said food or beverage.

Provided is a compound that achieves a good balance between the LO. scavenging ability and the LOO. scavenging ability. The compound of the present invention or a salt thereof is represented by the following formula (1). In the formula (1), R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 may be the same or different and are each independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, R.sup.3 is —OR.sup.4 or —NHR.sup.5, R.sup.4 is a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, or an iso-butyl group, and R.sup.5 is a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, or an iso-butyl group.

Compositions and methods for making and using a water soluble melanin, eumelanin, pheomelanin, allomelanin and DHN-melanin pigment produced from a fungus. The water soluble melanin can be used in a radioprotective composition having at least 0.1 to at least 8.0% (wt./vol.) melanin(s), a solvent and optionally a binder(s) and/or an additive(s). The aqueous soluble melanin has uses in medical, aeronautical, industrial, cosmetic and other applications that are disclosed.

Compositions and methods for making and using a water soluble melanin, eumelanin, pheomelanin, allomelanin and DHN-melanin pigment produced from a fungus. The water soluble melanin can be used in a radioprotective composition having at least 0.1 to at least 8.0% (wt./vol.) melanin(s), a solvent and optionally a binder(s) and/or an additive(s). The aqueous soluble melanin has uses in medical, aeronautical, industrial, cosmetic and other applications that are disclosed.

A cerium oxide nanocomplex, a composition containing the cerium oxide nanocomplex as an active ingredient, and their uses for preventing or treating inflammatory liver disease are disclosed. The present disclosure applies a biocompatible polymer composed of an optimal combination to significantly improve the biomedical stability, biosynthesis and efficiency of the production process of nanoparticles while maintaining the nanoparticles’ excellent inhibitory activity against inflammation. In particular, the present disclosure may be applied as an effective therapeutic composition that effectively controls excessive immune response and inflammatory response and tissue injury in acute liver failure which is a serious condition of rapid loss of liver function that results in multiple organ failure and death.

A cerium oxide nanocomplex, a composition containing the cerium oxide nanocomplex as an active ingredient, and their uses for preventing or treating inflammatory liver disease are disclosed. The present disclosure applies a biocompatible polymer composed of an optimal combination to significantly improve the biomedical stability, biosynthesis and efficiency of the production process of nanoparticles while maintaining the nanoparticles’ excellent inhibitory activity against inflammation. In particular, the present disclosure may be applied as an effective therapeutic composition that effectively controls excessive immune response and inflammatory response and tissue injury in acute liver failure which is a serious condition of rapid loss of liver function that results in multiple organ failure and death.

The invention discloses a method for screening a therapeutic target of acute radiation-induced gastrointestinal syndrome and use of TIGAR target in the preparation of a medicine for treating radiation-induced gastrointestinal syndrome. The CreERT-loxP transgenic mouse model is used, in which quiescent intestinal crypt stem cells are effectively promoted to proliferate after exposure to high-dose ionizing radiation, to screen a therapeutic target that still has a therapeutic effect for radiation-induced gastrointestinal syndrome 18-24 h after ionizing radiation. Gene splicing occurs in particular cells in the CreERT-loxP transgenic mice only after the injection of tamoxifen, thereby regulating gene expression. The actual situation of initial exposure and then treatment after a nuclear accident is well simulated, so the invention is of great practical significance. The screened therapeutic target is developed into a medicine for treatment after nuclear accidents, to save precious time for the treatment after nuclear accidents.

An oxidative stress inhibitor 100 of the present invention contains silicon particles capable of generating hydrogen. In a preferred aspect of the oxidative stress inhibitor 100, the following effects (a) and/or (b) can be exhibited. (a) The total amount of generation (total amount of production) is increased. (b) The amount of generation of hydrogen per unit time (i.e. rate of generation of hydrogen), particularly the rate of generation of hydrogen in the initial stage is increased.

An oxidative stress inhibitor 100 of the present invention contains silicon particles capable of generating hydrogen. In a preferred aspect of the oxidative stress inhibitor 100, the following effects (a) and/or (b) can be exhibited. (a) The total amount of generation (total amount of production) is increased. (b) The amount of generation of hydrogen per unit time (i.e. rate of generation of hydrogen), particularly the rate of generation of hydrogen in the initial stage is increased.

The invention relates to N.sup.2,N.sup.6-disubstituted-9-(2-oxacycloalkyl)-9H-purine-2, 6-diamine derivatives and their use as drugs and cosmetics. The compounds of the present invention exhibit a number of biological activities associated with oxidative stress inhibition, especially anti-aging, anti-inflammatory and anti-neurodegenerative biological activities. The invention also relates to cosmetic and pharmaceutical compositions containing such derivatives as active agents.