A pneumatic tire having a pair of annular bead areas (12), a pair of sidewalls, and a crown portion wherein a carcass ply (22) wraps around a radial inner side (RSj,2o) of each bead ring (20), for each bead area (12) a first layer of rubber material (30) is arranged radially inward from both the bead ring radial inner side (RSi,2o) and the carcass ply (22) and a second layer of rubber material (40) is arranged radially inward from the first layer of rubber material (30), each of the first layer of rubber material (30) and the second layer of rubber material (40) extending substantially across a full width (W20) of the corresponding bead ring (20), each of the first and second layer of rubber material (30, 40) having a modulus of elongation, where the modulus of elongation of the second layer of rubber material (40) is equal to or greater than substantially 125% of the modulus of elongation of the first layer of rubber material (30).

At a run-flat tire, given that an average radius of curvature of a case line between an intersection point (0.1SHp) and an intersection point (0.2SHp) when viewed in a cross-section along a tire rotation axis is radius R1, and that an average radius of curvature of the case line between an intersection point (0.4SHp) and an intersection point (0.6SHp) when viewed in the cross-section along the tire rotation axis is radius R2, ratio R2/R1 is set to be greater than 0.3.

At a run-flat tire, given that an average radius of curvature of a case line between an intersection point (0.1SHp) and an intersection point (0.2SHp) when viewed in a cross-section along a tire rotation axis is radius R1, and that an average radius of curvature of the case line between an intersection point (0.4SHp) and an intersection point (0.6SHp) when viewed in the cross-section along the tire rotation axis is radius R2, ratio R2/R1 is set to be greater than 0.3.

A pneumatic tire is vulcanized using a bladder provided with a coating layer formed of a release agent, and includes a sealant layer disposed on an inner surface of a tread portion in a tire circumferential direction, the release agent having a thickness of from 0.1 μm to 100 μm in at least a placement region of the sealant layer, detected using an electron microscope.

A pneumatic tire includes a transponder extending along a circumferential direction embedded between a position (P1) located on an outer side of and 15 mm away from an upper end of a bead core in a radial direction and a position (P2) located on an inner side of and 5 mm away from an end of a belt layer in the radial direction, and a tire inner surface in which a release agent layer made of a release agent is formed has a surface electric resistivity of 10.sup.9 Ω.Math.cm to 10.sup.15 Ω.Math.cm. The transponder extending along the circumferential direction is embedded between the position (P1) and the position (P2), and the amount of silicon of the release agent at least in the tire inner surface corresponding to an embedment section for the transponder is 10.0 wt % or less or a thickness of the release agent is 100 μm or less.

A pneumatic tire includes a transponder extending along a circumferential direction embedded between a position (P1) located on an outer side of and 15 mm away from an upper end of a bead core in a radial direction and a position (P2) located on an inner side of and 5 mm away from an end of a belt layer in the radial direction, and a tire inner surface in which a release agent layer made of a release agent is formed has a surface electric resistivity of 10.sup.9 Ω.Math.cm to 10.sup.15 Ω.Math.cm. The transponder extending along the circumferential direction is embedded between the position (P1) and the position (P2), and the amount of silicon of the release agent at least in the tire inner surface corresponding to an embedment section for the transponder is 10.0 wt % or less or a thickness of the release agent is 100 μm or less.

Tires including a bodies formed of one or more tire plies are disclosed. In various implementations, a tire may include several split-ring resonators (SRRs), each associated with a natural resonance frequency configured to shift in response to a change in an elastomeric property of a respective one or more tire plies. The elastomeric property may include one or more of a reversible deformation, stress, or strain. In some implementations, the one or more SRRs may include a first split-ring resonator (SRR) including first carbon particles that may uniquely resonate in response to an electromagnetic ping based at least in part on a concentration level of the first carbon particles within the first SRR and a second SRR including second carbon particles that may uniquely resonate in response to the electromagnetic ping based at least in part on a concentration level of the second carbon particles within the second SRR.

In a first aspect of the invention, a pneumatic tire is provided, the tire comprising two spaced apart bead portions, a tread portion, a pair of sidewalls extending radially inward from axially outer edges of the tread portion to join the respective bead portions, the axially outer edges of the tread portion defining a tread width, a carcass, an innerliner covering the carcass and defining a tire cavity, and a metal coated foam material attached to the innerliner within the tire cavity.

In a first aspect of the invention, a pneumatic tire is provided, the tire comprising two spaced apart bead portions, a tread portion, a pair of sidewalls extending radially inward from axially outer edges of the tread portion to join the respective bead portions, the axially outer edges of the tread portion defining a tread width, a carcass, an innerliner covering the carcass and defining a tire cavity, and a metal coated foam material attached to the innerliner within the tire cavity.

Provided is a pneumatic tire. A partial tie rubber layer is selectively disposed between a carcass layer and an inner liner layer in an area on a tread portion on either side in a tire lateral direction excluding a center region of the tread portion such that a length of intrusion from a perpendicular line extending from an outermost edge of a belt layer in a tire lateral direction through the inner liner layer toward a tire equator of each of the partial tie rubber layers is within the range from 0 to 15 mm and a length of protrusion from the perpendicular line toward a bead portion of the partial tie rubber layer is within the range from 15 to 120 mm.