With a pneumatic tire not mounted on a rim, in a meridian cross-section a first line is parallel with an innermost bottom side of a bead core in a radial direction and passes through an outermost projection of the bead core in a lateral direction, a second line is orthogonal with the first line at the outermost projection, a third line is orthogonal with the first line and passes through an intersection of a rim cushion rubber, a distance between the second and third lines is 2.0 to 4.0 mm, a shortest distance between an innermost projection of the bead core in the lateral direction and a cord of a carcass layer is 0.6 to 1.4 mm, and a shortest distance between an innermost end of the bottom side of the bead core in the lateral direction and the cord of the carcass layer is 1.2 to 2.2 mm.

When (I) a tyre 1 is in contact with a flat surface (S) with a camber angle of 40 degrees, (II) a load (F) applied to the tyre is increased from zero, and (III) a curve (T) is obtained by plotting, in a XY coordinate, a displacement (x) in a tyre axial direction and a displacement (y) in a tyre radial direction of a position (A) of one of tyre tread edges (Te) closer to the flat surface (S), the displacements being from a reference position (A0) when the load (F) is zero, inclination of the curve (T) increases as the load (F) increases at least in a range where the load (F) is not more than 78% of a maximum load capacity load of the tyre.

Radial carcass tire for a civil engineering vehicle, having two bead wires (2) of radial height Ht, and carcass reinforcement made of two layers, the first (1) being radially innermost with a radial height Hdc, is anchored in each bead to form a main part (11) and a turn-up (12). The second layer (3) is radially outside the first layer (1). The free end (A) of the turn-up (12) is at a radial distance from the radially outermost point (21) of the bead wire that is at least equal to 1 and at most equal to 2 times Ht. From the end A of the turn-up (12) to the point B at 85% of the radial height Hdc, the distance between carcass layers is at least equal to 2 and at most equal to 11 times the diameter of metal reinforcers of first carcass layer (1).

A heavy-duty pneumatic tire includes an inclined belt in which reinforcing elements of a first belt layer and reinforcing elements of a second belt layer extend at an inclination angle of 5 to 30 relative to the tire circumferential direction in such a manner that the reinforcing elements of the first belt layer cross the reinforcing elements of the second belt layer. The shortest distance d between the reinforcing elements of the first belt layer and the reinforcing elements of the second belt layer is 0.64 mm or less. The outer edge of a carcass folded-up portion in the tire radial direction is located further inward in the tire radial direction than the tire maximum width position.

A tire, wherein, in a cross section in the tire width direction thereof in a state where the tire has substantially not been inflated with no load applied thereon, provided that the maximum height in the tire radial direction of the carcass is h, a radius of curvature of the carcass within a height range 0.91 h-h measured from the radially innermost position of the carcass is R7, an acute inclination angle specifically defined in the height range 0.91 h-h is 7, the intermediate value of a radius of curvature in the height range 0.82 h-0.91 h is R6, a radius of curvature in the height range 0.63 h-0.82 h is R5, and an acute inclination angle specifically defined in the height range 0.63 h-0.82 h is 5, R70.26h, 714, R6<R7, R5>R6, and 523.

A tire (1) in which a carcass fold-back portion (40) is wound around a bead core (10) includes a hard bead filler (50) arranged on an outer side of a carcass (20) in the tread width direction (twd), the hard bead filler (50) extends, along a tire radial direction (trd), from an outer side of the bead core (10) at least to a center (BO) of the bead core (10), and a thickness (t) of the hard bead filler (50) along the tread width direction (twd) is not shorter than 0.5 mm on a straight line (L) passing over the center (BO) of the bead core (10) in the tread width direction (twd).

A tire for a motor vehicle comprising: two beads (20); two sidewalls (30) meeting at a crown (25); at least one carcass reinforcement (160) extending from the beads (20) through the sidewalls (30) as far as the crown (25), the carcass reinforcement (160) having a plurality of carcass reinforcing elements and anchored in the two beads (20) by a turn-up around the annular reinforcing structure (70), so as to form in each bead a main strand (162) and a turn-up strand (163); and a stiffening reinforcement (140) arranged in at least one sidewall of the tire, said stiffening reinforcement (140) having a radially inner end (141) and a radially outer end (142), the stiffening reinforcement being formed of a plurality of stiffening elements oriented at an angle less than or equal to 10? relative to a circumferential direction of the tire.

The invention provides a pneumatic radial tire which improves durability by lowering breakdowns in both of a ply end and a wind-up portion without an increase of weight and manufacturing cost. The pneumatic radial tire has a carcass layer which is provided between a pair of bead portions and is locked in a state in which end portions are wound up to the bead cores. The carcass layer is constituted by a first ply, a second ply and a third ply which are laminated one by one from an inner side to an outer side in a tire radial direction in a tire equator. The first ply and the third ply are wound up to the bead cores. The second ply terminates in a state in which the second ply is interposed between the first ply and the third ply, without reaching the bead cores.

In a tire 2, a contour of an outer surface of the second apex 38 includes: a circular arc C2 that extends inward from an outer end, in the radial direction, of the contour and is convex outward in the axial direction; and a circular arc C3 that is located inward of the circular arc C2 in the radial direction, is in contact with the circular arc C2, and is convex inward in the axial direction. A difference (HtHw/2) between a height Ht from a bead base line to a contact point between the circular arc C2 and the circular arc C3 and a height that is half of a height Hw from the bead base line to a maximum width position is equal to or greater than 10 mm and equal to or less than 10 mm.

The invention relates to a tire having at least one carcass reinforcement (2) comprising reinforcers, surmounted radially on the outside by a crown reinforcement (3) comprising two axial ends S, itself radially on the inside of a tread (4), said crown reinforcement (3) being made up of at least one layer of reinforcement elements, said tread (4) being connected to two beads (5) by way of two sidewalls (6), said beads (5) being intended to come into contact with a rim flange having a rim flange top C, each bead having at least one circumferential reinforcement element (7) known as a bead wire, said carcass reinforcement (2) comprising an end (8) at each bead (5), the end (8) of the carcass reinforcement (2) being turned up once in an outward radial direction of the tire and about said bead wire, so as to form a turnup, then being folded in the radially outward direction so as to form a fold of the carcass ply (2), said fold forming a radially external end (12a) and three adjacent parts along an axial axis made up of a central part (10), of an axially internal lateral part (11), and of an axially external lateral part (0), the fold being executed in an outward axial direction with respect to the center of the tire, characterized in that a decoupling elastomer composition (14) having a secant modulus at 10% extension of greater than or equal to 10 MPa and preferably greater than or equal to 30 MPa and less than or equal to 60 MPa is present between the axially internal lateral part and the central part of said turnup, and at the radially external end (12a) of said turnup (12), said elastomer composition being present along a radial length comprised between the radially external end of the turnup and a radially internal point F with respect to the end of said turnup, said point being situated on the sidewall and at a distance from said radially external end by a length greater than 10 mm, and in that the radially external end (12a) of the turnup (12) is disposed between the rim flange top C and a point D, said points C and D being situated at the surface of the sidewall (6) and disposed on either side of a point E situated on the sidewall corresponding to the nominal section width, said point D being disposed at a maximum radial length equal to 85% of the length present between the axial end S of the crown reinforcement (3) and the rim flange top C.