Microfluidic devices to efficiently remove particulate matter (PM) in air are provided, as are methods of fabricating and using the same. A device can include a channel having a structure configured to generate chaotic advective flow in air within the channel. The channel structure can include a plurality of SHMs disposed within the channel, where each SHM comprises a plurality of grooves each having a width of 200 m or less and a spacing between each groove of 200 m or less. The plurality of SHMs can be configured to introduce microvortices in air flow within the channel.

A mask apparatus, including a mask formed of a rigid or semi-rigid material. The mask includes a seal disposed around the perimeter of the mask. The mask apparatus includes a breathable air mechanism detachably coupled to a front surface of the mask. The mask apparatus further includes a hydration assembly to be coupled to an external hydration source and one or more couplings to position and secure the mask apparatus.

A mask apparatus, including a mask formed of a rigid or semi-rigid material. The mask includes a seal disposed around the perimeter of the mask. The mask apparatus includes a breathable air mechanism detachably coupled to a front surface of the mask. The mask apparatus further includes a hydration assembly to be coupled to an external hydration source and one or more couplings to position and secure the mask apparatus.

A nose clip structure comprises a nose frame and nose pads. The nose frame includes two arms and a connecting portion. The connecting portion interconnects the two arms to make the two arms bend flexibly. The nose pads are disposed on the two arms of the nose frame, and has an anti-off body adapted to engage with the wing of the swimmer's nose for preventing falling-off of the nose clip structure.

A nose clip structure comprises a nose frame and nose pads. The nose frame includes two arms and a connecting portion. The connecting portion interconnects the two arms to make the two arms bend flexibly. The nose pads are disposed on the two arms of the nose frame, and has an anti-off body adapted to engage with the wing of the swimmer's nose for preventing falling-off of the nose clip structure.

An emergency air supply system and method for delivering breathable air to an individual in need thereof. The system includes a wall mounted housing that contains an air tank, an inflatable bag, and an ocular respiratory mask. The air tank is removably connected to the inflatable bag, and the inflatable bag is connected to the ocular respiratory mask. During use, the inflatable bag is inflated by an air supply of the air tank, the inflatable bag is removed from the air tank, and the ocular respiratory mask, which remains connected to the inflatable bag, is worn by the individual in need of breathable air. The invention is useful for reducing a risk of injury or death from smoke inhalation during a fire or other emergency.

An emergency air supply system and method for delivering breathable air to an individual in need thereof. The system includes a wall mounted housing that contains an air tank, an inflatable bag, and an ocular respiratory mask. The air tank is removably connected to the inflatable bag, and the inflatable bag is connected to the ocular respiratory mask. During use, the inflatable bag is inflated by an air supply of the air tank, the inflatable bag is removed from the air tank, and the ocular respiratory mask, which remains connected to the inflatable bag, is worn by the individual in need of breathable air. The invention is useful for reducing a risk of injury or death from smoke inhalation during a fire or other emergency.

A nasal clip and/or dilator which is U-shaped having protruding wider spherical/spheroid holders at each end of the U is designed to be placed such that each spherical holder is in a nostril. The U-shaped clip can press against the columella and each holder against the septum. Inside each holder is a scented piece, such as a plastic ball or cylinder with aromatic compounds there-in which exit from the surface of the respective scented piece. To facilitate the scent escaping from the scented piece and into the nose, each holder has portals such as around the circumference thereof and/or on opposite sides thereof, transverse to the U of the holder.

A nasal clip and/or dilator which is U-shaped having protruding wider spherical/spheroid holders at each end of the U is designed to be placed such that each spherical holder is in a nostril. The U-shaped clip can press against the columella and each holder against the septum. Inside each holder is a scented piece, such as a plastic ball or cylinder with aromatic compounds there-in which exit from the surface of the respective scented piece. To facilitate the scent escaping from the scented piece and into the nose, each holder has portals such as around the circumference thereof and/or on opposite sides thereof, transverse to the U of the holder.

A mouthpiece for controlled delivery of a breathing gas including oxygen, preferably an increased ratio of oxygen with respect to ambient air, to the respiratory tracts of a user which includes a valve having two modes: a closed default mode, which substantially impedes any flow of the breathing gas through the valve; and an active open mode, which allows for a substantial flow of the breathing gas through the valve, wherein the open mode can be activated by the user manipulating the valve with his/her mouth. Such a valve may be used in a device for delivery of breathing gas and in an apparatus for controlled delivery of the breathing gas to the respiratory tracts of a user. A method for controlled delivery of the breathing gas to the respiratory tracts of a user may include operating the valve.