A vibration isolator (10) is a liquid-enclosed vibration isolator and includes: a tubular first mounting member (11) connected to one of a vibration generator and a vibration absorber, and a second mounting member (12) connected to the other; an elastic body (13) elastically connecting the mounting members; and a partition member (16) partitioning a liquid chamber (19) in the first mounting member (11) within which a liquid (L) is enclosed into a primary liquid chamber (14) that uses the elastic body (13) as a part of a wall surface thereof and a secondary liquid chamber (15), wherein the partition member (16) is formed with a restriction passage (24) communicating the primary and secondary liquid chambers (14, 15) with each other, and a porous body (28) having numerous pores (31), which are disposed in parallel so as to communicate a side of the primary liquid chamber (14) and a side of the secondary liquid chamber (15) with each other, is arranged in the restriction passage (24).

An apparatus includes an electric motor including a stator and a translator; a three-phase inverter electrically coupled to the electric motor; a power source electrically coupled to the three-phase inverter; and a controller communicatively coupled to the three-phase inverter. The controller is programmed to determine at least three measurements at different times of flux linkage from the electric motor, represent the measurements in Clarke coordinates, determine Clarke coordinates of a center of a circle defined by the Clarke coordinates of the measurements, and determine a position of the translator relative to the stator based on the Clarke coordinates of the center of the circle.

A suspension thrust bearing device for use with a suspension spring in an automotive suspension strut of a vehicle. The device provides a bearing having upper and lower annular bearing members in relative rotation, lower bearing member having a lower cup having at least one protruding indexation element. The device also provides a damping element made of resilient material and interposed between the lower cup and the suspension spring. The indexation element is made of a different material than that of the lower cup, the lower cup being made of a rigid plastic material and the indexation element being made of a resilient material.

A suspension thrust bearing device for use with a suspension spring in an automotive suspension strut of a vehicle. The device provides a bearing having upper and lower annular bearing members in relative rotation, lower bearing member having a lower cup having at least one protruding indexation element. The device also provides a damping element made of resilient material and interposed between the lower cup and the suspension spring. The indexation element is made of a different material than that of the lower cup, the lower cup being made of a rigid plastic material and the indexation element being made of a resilient material.

A suspension system includes a top mount, a bottom mount, a rigid housing, an air spring, and a linear actuator. The air spring transfers force of a first load path between the top mount and the bottom mount. The air spring includes a pressurized cavity containing pressurized gas that transfers the force of the first load path. The linear actuator transfers force of a second load path between the top mount and the bottom mount in parallel to the first load path. The rigid housing defines at least part of the pressurized cavity and transfers the force of the second load path.

A suspension system includes a top mount, a bottom mount, a rigid housing, an air spring, and a linear actuator. The air spring transfers force of a first load path between the top mount and the bottom mount. The air spring includes a pressurized cavity containing pressurized gas that transfers the force of the first load path. The linear actuator transfers force of a second load path between the top mount and the bottom mount in parallel to the first load path. The rigid housing defines at least part of the pressurized cavity and transfers the force of the second load path.

An electrically powered suspension system includes: an electromagnetic actuator; an information acquisition unit configured to acquire time-series information related to stroke position of the electromagnetic actuator, information on stroke velocity, and an amount of change in stroke of the electromagnetic actuator and information on a stroke direction based on the time-series information; a damping force calculation unit configured to calculate target damping force based on the information on the stroke velocity; and a drive control unit configured to control driving of the electromagnetic actuator using target driving force obtained based on the target damping force. The damping force calculation unit calculates equivalent friction compensation force based on the amount of change in the stroke and the information on the stroke direction, and corrects the target damping force based on the calculated equivalent friction compensation force. The equivalent friction compensation force has elastic force component and dynamic friction force component.

An electrically powered suspension system includes: an electromagnetic actuator; an information acquisition unit configured to acquire time-series information related to stroke position of the electromagnetic actuator, information on stroke velocity, and an amount of change in stroke of the electromagnetic actuator and information on a stroke direction based on the time-series information; a damping force calculation unit configured to calculate target damping force based on the information on the stroke velocity; and a drive control unit configured to control driving of the electromagnetic actuator using target driving force obtained based on the target damping force. The damping force calculation unit calculates equivalent friction compensation force based on the amount of change in the stroke and the information on the stroke direction, and corrects the target damping force based on the calculated equivalent friction compensation force. The equivalent friction compensation force has elastic force component and dynamic friction force component.

An upper raceway ring has an inward flange portion. A lower raceway ring has an outward flange portion. An upper case has an outwardly projecting piece projecting in the radially outward direction toward an end surface of the inward flange portion from a surface facing the end surface. A lower case has an inwardly projecting piece projecting in the radially inward direction toward an end surface of the outward flange portion from a surface facing the end surface. The end surface of the upper raceway ring comes into contact with the outwardly projecting piece of the upper case, to allow the upper raceway ring to be held by the upper case. The end surface of the lower raceway ring comes into contact with the inwardly projecting piece of the lower case, to allow the lower raceway ring to be held by the lower case.

An upper raceway ring has an inward flange portion. A lower raceway ring has an outward flange portion. An upper case has an outwardly projecting piece projecting in the radially outward direction toward an end surface of the inward flange portion from a surface facing the end surface. A lower case has an inwardly projecting piece projecting in the radially inward direction toward an end surface of the outward flange portion from a surface facing the end surface. The end surface of the upper raceway ring comes into contact with the outwardly projecting piece of the upper case, to allow the upper raceway ring to be held by the upper case. The end surface of the lower raceway ring comes into contact with the inwardly projecting piece of the lower case, to allow the lower raceway ring to be held by the lower case.