A fire protection sprinkler system includes a horizontal barrier that covers two adjacent racks, and the vertical flue space between the racks. The horizontal barrier is provided at a predetermined height, and has a width that is at least equal to a width of the rack, and a depth that is at least equal to a sum of a depth of the rack, a depth of the other rack, and a depth of the vertical flue space. In addition, the horizontal barrier can be a sheet having one or more apertures. The system also includes a rack level fire protection sprinkler connected to a fluid supply conduit, and being disposed in the vertical flue space below the horizontal barrier. The rack level sprinkler has a K-factor of 11.2 gpm/(psi).sup.½ or greater, and is vertically spaced from commodities stored on the rack and the other rack covered by the horizontal barrier.

The portable fire extinguisher comprises a housing (10) with a wall, an extinguishant unit (12) containing an extinguishing agent within the housing, a temperature-responsive extinguishant unit activator (14), and at least one extinguishing agent discharge pipe (16) leading from the inside of the housing to the outside of the housing. An activator is inside the housing and the housing has a flow channel for conducting external air to the activator. In the event of a fire, the temperature of the air outside the housing rises and the heated air is connected via the flow channel to the activator, which triggers the fire extinguisher.

System and methods to provide ceiling-only suppression fire protection of up to fifty feet (50 ft.) of rack storage of cartoned unexpanded plastic commodities and less hazardous commodities, such as for example, Class 1, Class 2, Class 3, Class 4 and/or combinations thereof beneath a ceiling having a maximum ceiling height up to fifty-five feet (55 ft.). The systems and methods provide for hydraulic and system parameters that include a hydraulic design area based upon five to no more than twelve hydraulically most remote sprinklers spaced at a preferred sprinkler-to-sprinkler spacing of eight to ten feet (8-10 ft.) coupled to two to four branch lines tied to a common cross main supply pipe of firefighting fluid.

A storage system comprising a portable building having a climate-controlled interior space and a plurality of hazardous materials storage cabinets disposed in the interior space. The portable building contains no water sprinklers and no smoke detectors and has a floor that is sealed to prevent leakage of liquid. Each cabinet comprises metal double walls separated by an air space and a liquid-tight containment sump. Each cabinet is configured so that fire cannot spread from a space above a shelf to a space below the shelf. The storage system further comprises an electrical power connection and an HVAC unit mounted to an exterior of the portable building.

A fire suppression system includes a transport refrigeration unit configured to cool a transport container. Also included is a tubular container having a fire suppressant stored therein, the tubular container disposed within the transport refrigeration unit. Further included is a predetermined fracture location of the tubular container, wherein the predetermined fracture location is configured to rupture upon reaching a critical temperature to expel the fire suppressant.

Systems and methods for fire protection of a fixed space using a fire protection unit having a fixed volume of firefighting agent; a manifold coupled to the fixed volume and an actuator axially aligned with the manifold to pressurize the firefighting agent within the manifold for discharge and dispersion to protect the fixed space.

An adaptive method and system for monitoring a shipping container for an environmental anomaly uses sensor-based ID nodes within the container and a command node. Sensors on each ID node generate sensor data about an environmental condition proximate the ID node as disposed within the container. Each ID node periodically broadcasts the sensor data. The command node monitors a first group of sensor data from the ID nodes over a first time period to detect an initial environmental threshold condition related to the container, then monitors a subsequent group of sensor data over a second time period under a modified monitoring parameter to detect a secondary environmental threshold condition related to the container as the anomaly. In response to detecting the secondary condition, the command node generates an alert notification and transmits the alert notification to an external transceiver to initiate a mediation response related to the anomaly.

An automated grid based storage and retrieval system includes a storage grid and a plurality of storage containers for storing product items therein. In the storage grid, the storage containers are stacked vertically in stacks arranged beneath openings of a grid-based rail system to provide storage columns of a storage volume. The storage volume includes a flow path extending through a plurality of the stacks. The flow path is formed by spacers positioned within the stacks. The spacers are configured to allow a fluid to flow through the spacer. Each spacer is stacked at a predetermined level between storage containers in a stack and adjacent another of the spacers in a neighboring stack to provide adjacent sections of the flow path.

Wet fire protection systems and methods for the protection of a stored commodity are provided. The system includes a supply portion coupled to a water supply and a demand portion including a plurality of sprinklers disposed above the commodity with each sprinkler having an operating pressure range. The plurality of sprinklers are interconnected by a network of pipes filled with water to provide each sprinkler with an initial pressure of water. A pressure control assembly is disposed between the supply portion and the demand portion to withhold fluid pressure from the supply portion from pressurizing the demand portion for a predetermined withholding period following actuation of at least one sprinkler in response to a fire.

A fire protection sprinkler system and method includes a sprinkler which, in use, is operatively connected to a supply pipe. The sprinkler includes a nipple. A frame extends from the nipple. A duct passes through the nipple and frame creating a flow path for a water jet exiting the supply pipe. A deflector is mounted to the frame at a location spaced from the nipple. A splitter is disposed in the water flow path between the supply pipe and the deflector. The splitter separates the water jet into two distinct sub-jets before the water contacts the deflector. The splitter directs the two separate water streams onto the deflector so that less pressure is required resulting in more economical system smaller pipe size, less labor, etc.