A temperature-robust polymer shroud for a roller bearing seal includes a shroud body and an inner diameter leg defining respective portions of a single continuous part. The shroud body encircles a rotation axis of the polymer shroud and extends predominantly in directions orthogonal to the rotation axis from an inner diameter to an outer diameter. The inner diameter leg connects to the shroud body at the inner diameter and encircles the rotation axis, wherein, along the entire inner diameter of the shroud body, the inner diameter leg is oriented at an oblique angle to the rotation axis to extend both (a) radially inward from the inner diameter and (b) axially away from the inner diameter along a first direction parallel to the rotation axis. A roller bearing seal includes a seal case, an elastomer lip, and the temperature-robust polymer shroud.

A refrigeration cycle device includes a heating unit, an air-heating expansion valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, an air-cooling expansion valve, an indoor evaporator, and a cooler-unit expansion valve, a cooler unit, and a refrigerant circuit switching unit. In a heating series cooler-unit mode, refrigerant is circulated in order of the heating unit, the air-heating expansion valve, the outdoor heat exchanger, the cooler-unit expansion valve, and the cooler unit. In a heating parallel cooler-unit mode, refrigerant is circulated in order of the heating unit, the air-heating expansion valve, and the outdoor heat exchanger, and refrigerant is circulated in order of the heating unit, the cooler-unit expansion valve, and the cooler unit.

A cooling system includes air intakes, air intake fans, a duct, and an intake-air controller. The air intakes are separately formed near seats disposed side by side inside a vehicle. The air intake fans individually take in air through the air intakes. The duct guides the air taken in by the air intake fans to a battery. The intake-air controller controls a ratio of intake air flow rates in the air intake fans according to the state of a seated occupant.

A thermal system of a vehicle, including: a heat exchanger; a accumulator and a compressor; a cabin evaporator; a cabin condenser; and a battery; wherein the heat exchanger, accumulator, compressor, cabin evaporator, cabin condenser, and battery are connected to allow refrigerant heat and cool a passenger cabin and the battery in a single closed and connected circuit directly without any dedicated heat exchanger; and wherein the heating and cooling of the cabin and the battery are controlled by settings of a plurality of valves.

An exemplary thermal management system includes, among other things, a valve, a radiator loop configured to be connected to the valve, a power electronics loop configured to be connected to the valve, a heater loop configured to be connected to the valve, and a battery loop configured to be connected to the valve. The valve is configured to connect one or more of the radiator, power electronics, heater, and battery loops together and the valve is configured to isolate at least one of the radiator, power electronics, heater, and battery loops from any remaining loops of the radiator, power electronics, heater, and battery loops.

An electric drivetrain for installation in a vehicle chassis. A generator coupled to an engine generates electric power for charging an array of batteries. The vehicle, including components and subsystems, may be powered electrically from the batteries, allowing the engine and generator to be easily replaced or customized for an industry, geographic region, fuel type, or a set of emission requirements. A thermal management system may determine a battery temperature for the set of batteries and cause one or more of a coolant system, a refrigerant system, an exhaust gas system or an ambient air heat exchanger to add heat to the set of batteries or transfer heat away from the set of batteries.

The use of a refrigerant including 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene for the cooling of a battery of an electric vehicle including at least one electrochemical cell including a negative electrode, a positive electrode and an electrolyte, the positive electrode including at least one oxide of formula LiNixMnyCozO2 with x+y+z=1, x>y and x>z, or LiNix′Coy′Alz′ with x′+y′+z′=1, x′>y′ and x′>z′, as electrochemically active material.

The invention relates to a method for confirming an execution of a command for reducing electrical power consumption of at least one passenger transport vehicle the method comprising the following steps: sending (S1) a consumption reduction command signal to the regulation system of each vehicle, the command signal being modulated by a reference signal; obtaining (S2) a signal of the power consumed by the air conditioning means of the set of vehicles in response to the reference signal; and confirming (S3) the execution of the consumption reduction command according to characteristics of said signal of power consumed by the air conditioning means of the set of vehicles.

A cooling and battery cooling mode is performed to release the heat from the refrigerant in a heat releasing unit and an outdoor heat exchanger and to absorb the heat into the refrigerant in a heat absorbing unit and a refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger, and a heating and battery cooling mode is performed to release the heat from the refrigerant in the heat releasing unit and to absorb the heat into the refrigerant in the outdoor heat exchanger and the in-vehicle device heat exchanger. In a case where the cooling and battery cooling mode is performed, when a temperature of the heat absorbing unit is lower than a target value of the temperature of the heat absorbing unit even though the flowing of the refrigerant into the heat absorbing unit is blocked, the operation mode is moved to the heating and battery cooling mode.

A method for operating a cooling system of a motor vehicle for cooling at least one component, a cooling system of a motor vehicle for cooling at least one component, and a motor vehicle having such a cooling system. The cooling system has a coolant circuit and a refrigerant circuit. The coolant circuit serves for cooling the at least one component and the refrigerant circuit and the coolant circuit are coupled thermally to one another via a heat exchanger. The coolant circuit has a conveying device for conveying a coolant in the coolant circuit. A cooling power of the refrigerant circuit can be regulated. The regulation of the cooling power of the refrigerant circuit is realized in a manner dependent on a return temperature of the coolant and/or on a temporal development of the return temperature of the coolant.