A method of controlling driving of a hybrid electric vehicle having an engine connected to main drive wheels via a transmission and a motor connected to auxiliary drive wheels includes setting a drive mode, controlling an input torque of the transmission in response to an extent of depression of an accelerator pedal (APS) according to the drive mode, performing distribution of drive power to the main drive wheels and the auxiliary drive wheels and variable shift-pattern control based on a result of a comparison between an amount of slip of the main drive wheels and the amount of slip of the auxiliary drive wheels, and determining whether to perform variable shift-time control in consideration of a type of the variable shift-pattern control or a number of revolutions per minute (RPM) of the engine at beginning of a shift.

A disconnect system for selectively engaging and disengaging one or more shafts of a power train unit. The disconnect system includes a plurality of cam members and an electromagnetic coil. At least one cam member rotates at the same speed as an input shaft. At least one cam member rotates at variable speeds. In operation, the electromagnetic coil is energized by rotation of the input shaft for selectively activating a clutch to engage one or more of the cams to connect and disconnect one or more output shafts.

Methods and system are described for changing a driveline gear range from a higher gear range to a lower gear range. The driveline may include two electric machines and four clutches in a four wheel drive configuration. The methods and systems permit a driveline to change from a higher gear range to a lower gear range without stopping a vehicle.

A method for operating a drive train of a transportation vehicle wherein the drive train is switched between a first operating state, in which a two-wheel drive of the drive train is activated, and a second operating state, in which a four-wheel drive of the drive train is activated. The drive train is switched by an electronic computing device from one of the operating states to the other operating state. During the driving of the transportation vehicle, a demand time is determined by the electronic computing device not later than which the switching from the one operating state to the other operating state must be completed, the demand time lying in the future with respect to the determination of the demand time. The switching from the one operating state to the other operating state is commenced at a starting time in advance of the demand time.

An electric vehicle includes first and second traveling motors, first and second rotational position sensors, and a measurement controller. The first rotational position sensor detects a rotation angle of the first traveling motor and has a first wheel-speed range in which a deviation of an original position of the first rotational position sensor is measurable. The second rotational position sensor detects a rotation angle of the second traveling motor and has a second wheel-speed range in which a deviation of an original position of the second rotational position sensor is measurable. The second wheel-speed range differs from the first wheel-speed range. The measurement controller executes, in an execution order, measurements of the deviations of the original positions of the first and second rotational position sensors while the electric vehicle is traveling, and switch the execution order on the basis of acceleration or deceleration data of the electric vehicle.

A process for recovering catalyst from a fluidized catalytic reactor effluent is disclosed comprising reacting a reactant stream by contact with a stream of fluidized catalyst to provide a vaporous reactor effluent stream comprising catalyst and products. The vaporous reactor effluent stream is contacted with a liquid coolant stream to cool it and transfer the catalyst into the liquid coolant stream. A catalyst lean vaporous reactor effluent stream is separated from a catalyst rich liquid coolant stream. A return catalyst stream is separated from the catalyst rich liquid coolant stream to provide a catalyst lean liquid coolant stream, and the return catalyst stream is transported back to said reacting step.

Systems and methods for road disturbance detection and torque vectoring control. A vehicle may comprise: a torque vectoring system for independently varying torque to a plurality of wheels, an external sensor suite, and an electronic control unit. The control unit may comprise one or more processors and memory storing executable instructions that, as a result of execution by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement an appropriate torque vectoring strategy. The torque vectoring strategy may comprise biasing torque towards or away from a wheel/motor/axle.

A vehicle power distribution control method, apparatus and system are provided. The method includes: acquiring an image of a road surface on which a vehicle drives currently, and recognizing, according to the image of the road surface, the type of the road surface on which the vehicle drives currently; starting a corresponding terrain mode in an all-terrain adaptive mode according to the current type of the road surface; determining a power distribution strategy corresponding to the current terrain mode according to a correspondence between terrain modes and preset power distribution strategies; and switching a center differential of the vehicle to a corresponding locking mode according to the current power distribution strategy, and distributing, in the locking mode, torques to front and rear axles of the vehicle according to a torque distribution curve corresponding to the current power distribution strategy. The front and rear axles of a four-wheel drive vehicle can be conveniently provided with adequate torques on different road surfaces.

A vehicle may include rear ground traction members, front ground traction members, a rear drive system to drive the rear ground traction members, a continuously variable speed front drive system to drive the front ground traction members, a rear speed sensor to output rear speeds of the rear ground traction members, a front speed sensor to output front speeds of the front ground traction members, and a controller to select a chosen lead for a rear speed of the rear ground traction members based on evaluations of different tractive efficiencies for different leads for the rear speed. The controller may further output control signals to the continuously variable speed front drive system to drive the front ground traction members at the chosen lead.

A vehicle includes a first axle, a second axle, a driveshaft, a first clutch, a second clutch, a third clutch, and a controller. The second axle has first and second half shafts. The second axle has first and second wheels. The driveshaft is disposed between the first and second axles and is coupled to the second axle. The first clutch is configured to selectively couple the driveshaft to the first axle. The second clutch is configured to selectively couple the first wheel to the first half shaft. The third clutch is configured to selectively couple the second wheel to the second half shaft. The controller is programmed to control the clutches to connect the second axle to the first axle via the driveshaft.