A vertically selective liftoff scribing process is provided. One application is the fabrication of solar cells and solar modules. The basis of this technology is absorption of an indirectly focused laser beam in the front electrode material of the device, which enables removal of this layer (e.g., a P1 scribe) or removal of layers above the front electrode while leaving the front electrode intact (e.g., a P2 or P3 scribe). The laser fluence can be selected to choose between these alternatives, and further fine tuning is possible depending on details of the device structure.

A welding method for a welding strip of a back-contact solar cell chip includes the following steps: firstly, welding small chip assemblies of a back-contact solar cell to be interconnected to form a small cell string through an interconnected bar; then, punching the small cell string into small cell assemblies separated from each other through a cutting or punching process; subsequently, flexibly welding the small cell assemblies by a bus bar to reach a required length of a finished assembly product; and finally, breaking the bus bar through a post cutting or punching process to form cell assemblies with positive and negative electrodes connected in series or in parallel. The method makes the welding surfaces of the solar cell chips be on the same surface through using the back-contact solar cell chips, so that the interconnected bar of the solar cell chips can be welded rapidly and continuously.

The present disclosure provides a method of reducing the thermomechanical stress in the silicon solar cells induced in the interconnection process. The front and rear metal electrodes of the solar cell are provided in such a way that the outermost bonding point between the front metal electrodes and the front interconnects (ribbons or wires) is aligned to the outermost bonding point between the rear metal electrodes and the rear interconnects. The method is applicable to busbar-based interconnection using stringing/tabbing process and wire-based interconnection such as Multi-Busbar and smart wire connection technology. The method can be applied to both mono-facial and bifacial solar cells. The reduced-area busbar end in the busbar-based interconnection increases the tolerance of misalignment of the outermost bonding points introduced by the manufacturing processes.

Embodiments of the present disclosure relates to the field of solar cells, and in particular to a solar cell and a production method thereof, and a photovoltaic module. The solar cell includes: a P-type emitter formed on a first surface of an N-type substrate and including a first portion and a second portion, a top surface of the first portion includes first pyramid structures, and a top surface of the second portion includes second pyramid structures whose edges are straight. A transition surface is respectively formed on at least one edge of each first pyramid structure, and each of top surfaces of at least a part of the first pyramid structures includes a spherical or spherical-like substructure. A tunnel layer and a doped conductive layer sequentially formed over a second surface of the N-type substrate. The present disclosure can improve the photoelectric conversion performance of solar cells.

Embodiments of the disclosure provide a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module, including: providing at least one cell string an end portion of each cell is stacked with an end portion of an adjacent cell to form a corresponding overlapping welding region; for each overlapping welding region, forming a film insertion opening between stacked end portions of the two adjacent cells corresponding to the each overlapping welding region; providing at least one film strip, and inserting a part of each film strip into a corresponding film insertion opening; moving the at least one cell string relative to the at least one film strip; and closing the film insertion openings so that the each film strip is inserted between the two adjacent cells of the corresponding overlapping welding region.

Embodiments of the disclosure provide a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module, including: providing at least one cell string an end portion of each cell is stacked with an end portion of an adjacent cell to form a corresponding overlapping welding region; for each overlapping welding region, forming a film insertion opening between stacked end portions of the two adjacent cells corresponding to the each overlapping welding region; providing at least one film strip, and inserting a part of each film strip into a corresponding film insertion opening; moving the at least one cell string relative to the at least one film strip; and closing the film insertion openings so that the each film strip is inserted between the two adjacent cells of the corresponding overlapping welding region.

A foldable solar panel includes a power generation layer (100) and two adhesive film layers (200) located on two opposite sides of the power generation layer (100). The power generation layer (100) includes a plurality of sub-power generation panels (110) arranged at intervals and an interconnection wire (120). A bent region (2000) is formed in a gap between two adjacent sub-power generation panels (110). The two adjacent sub-power generation panels (110) are electrically connected by the interconnect wire (120) passing through the bent region (2000). An isolation layer (300) is arranged between the interconnect wire (120) and the adhesive film layer (200).

The invention relates to a method of producing a solar panel curved in two directions. A problem occurs when solar cells are laminated (attached) to a curved surface (such as thetransparentroof of a car) that is, at least locally, curved in two directions. Solar cells can bend in one direction (following a cylindrical surface), but to a much smaller degree in two directions. The invention solves this problem by subdividing the multitude of solar cells (100) in subgroups (302L, 302R, 304L, 304R, 306L, 306R, 308L, 308R), each subgroup associated with an area of the curved surface (202). By choosing these subgroups such, that almost no curvature occurs in one direction, the solar cells can be bend in the perpendicular direction. To optimize the efficiency further solar cells are used where anode and cathode are positioned at one side (the side opposite to the photosensitive side), enabling flexible foil to be used for the interconnection of the solar cells in a subgroup.

The present disclosure discloses a manufacturing method and a manufacturing device for an interconnection piece. The manufacturing method comprises providing a solder strip, and performing forming treatment on the solder strip to obtain a plurality of structural solder strips; and providing a flexible insulating substrate, and compounding the plurality of structural solder strips on the flexible insulating substrate at intervals to obtain the interconnection piece. Each structural solder strip is provided with two soldering portions and a connecting portion located between the two soldering portions, and the connecting portion is respectively connected to the two soldering portions; at least a part of the connecting portion is located on the flexible insulating substrate, and the two soldering portions extend out of the flexible insulating substrate.

Various implementations described herein are directed to determining an order of power devices connected in a serial string to a central power device. The physical order may be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium.