A method for braking an electric vehicle in which a first axle of an electric vehicle is decelerated by an electric motor of the electric vehicle and/or by a friction brake system of the electric vehicle.

A method of controlling driving of a vehicle using an in-wheel system includes: calculating a time to collision (TTC) by dividing a distance between the vehicle and an obstacle located in front of the vehicle by relative velocity; determining whether the vehicle enters a braking avoidance section, based on the calculated TTC; and generating, by a motor mounted in each wheel, braking force of a brake by an amount of shortage of braking force of the brake compared with a demanded braking force if the vehicle enters the braking avoidance section.

Systems and methods to control the vehicle speed of a vehicle includes a motor and a controller coupled to the motor. The controller is structured to: determine that a speed of a vehicle is at or above a predetermined speed limit; activate a motor speed governor responsive to an input received by the controller, wherein the motor speed governor is structured to control a vehicle speed; and adjust an output torque based on the vehicle speed being at or above the predetermined speed limit.

A system for an electrically driven vehicle includes at least one motor controller configured to control at least one electric motor, with which at least one drive wheel of the vehicle can be driven. The system further includes at least one brake controller configured to control friction brakes, with each of which one of multiple drive wheels and/or non-driven wheels can be braked. The brake controller and the electric motor controller each have a data interface that is a bus interface. The brake controller and the electric motor controller are set up to send and/or receive data with a predefined maximum data transmission rate via the first data interface. The brake controller and the electric motor each have a second data interface, each second data interface being designed to send and/or receive data with a higher data transmission rate than the maximum data transmission rate of the first data interface.

A vehicle that utilizes a counter-rotating electric motor to generate at least a portion of its propulsive force that includes the vehicle with front and rear wheels, the counter-rotating motor with two oppositely rotating components linked to two drive shafts that are coupled to the wheels in a common rotational direction, a component for reversible stopping the rotation of at least one rotating component while permitting the drive shafts to rotate, a power source linked to the motor, and a controller that controls both the speed of the vehicle and the reversible stopping component to switch between a first operational mode for slower vehicle speeds and a second operational mode for higher vehicle speeds, thereby increasing the overall electrical efficiency for operating the vehicle.

A self-stabilizing, one-wheeled electric skateboard may include improved features. In some examples, the vehicle includes a status indicator viewable through a slot formed in an upper surface of the board. In some examples, the vehicle includes a convertible carrying handle transitionable between stowed and deployed positions. In some examples, the vehicle includes an interchangeable fender and fender substitute that may be removably coupled to an upper surface of the board. In some examples, a motor controller of the vehicle may operate a field-oriented control (FOC) scheme configured to control the electric motor by manipulating a direct current aligned with a rotating rotor flux angle and a quadrature current defined at ninety degrees from the rotating rotor flux angle. In some examples, the motor controller may be configured to permit intuitive dismounting of the vehicle by tilting and/or moving the vehicle backward.

A method for operating an electric vehicle has the steps of: determining if at least one of a speed of the vehicle and a speed of an electric motor of the vehicle is zero; in response to the at least one of the speed being zero, determining if a reverse actuator is actuated; in response to the reverse actuator being actuated, starting a timer, then determining if the reverse actuator has been actuated without interruption for a predetermined amount of time; in response to the reverse actuator having been actuated without interruption for the predetermined amount of time, changing an operation mode of the electric motor from one of a forward mode and a reverse mode to another of the forward mode and the reverse mode. An electric snowmobile and other methods for operating an electric vehicle are disclosed.

A method for the performance-enhancing driver assistance of a road vehicle driven by a driver and provided with at least two drive wheels driven by at least one electric motor connected to a corresponding vehicular battery pack; the method comprises the steps of defining a dynamic model of the road vehicle; determining a route of a track travelled by the road vehicle; calculating, as a function of the dynamic model of the road vehicle and of the route, a convenience index relative to the use of energy of the vehicular battery pack by the electric motor; subdividing the route (R) into a plurality of sectors assigning to each a relative value of the calculated convenience index; delivering electrical power to the drive wheels according to the value of the convenience index assigned to each sector of the route.

Methods and systems are provided for utilizing a parking brake in conjunction with negative torque from an electric motor during vehicle braking. In one example, a method may include applying the parking brake in conjunction with negative torque from the electric motor, until the vehicle speed reduces to a speed threshold, and then releasing the parking brake.

A power transfer system includes: a compact mobility; a ground unit disposed on a second lane which is a driving lane for the compact mobility, the ground unit being capable of wireless power transfer; and a controller that controls the ground unit. The compact mobility has an amount of electric power that can be stored less than a predetermined amount, and travels at a speed dependent on electric power wirelessly received from the ground unit. When a pedestrian is sensed in the second lane, the controller forces the compact mobility to decelerate by reducing transmission power from the ground unit to the compact mobility, as compared to when the pedestrian is not sensed in the second lane.