A power conversion device control system includes a power conversion device configured to supply electric power to a rotary electric machine, and a control device configured to control the power conversion device, wherein the control device controls the power conversion device through synchronous control in which a carrier frequency of the power conversion device is proportional to a rotational speed of the rotary electric machine when a temperature of a permanent magnet provided in the rotary electric machine is higher than a predetermined threshold value, and controls the power conversion device through non-synchronous control in which a carrier frequency of the power conversion device is not proportional to a rotational speed of the rotary electric machine when a temperature of the permanent magnet is the predetermined threshold value or less.

A dump truck 100 including: an engine 1; a generator 10 driven by the engine 1; and a pair of driving wheels 3L and 3R arranged to the left and right of a vehicle body frame 7 includes: a traveling electric motor 12L including a plurality of electric motors 12La, 12Lb, and 12Lc that are coupled to the driving wheel 3L and simultaneously drive the driving wheel 3L; and a traveling electric motor 12R including a plurality of electric motors 12Ra, 12Rb, and 12Rc that are coupled to the driving wheel 3R and simultaneously drive the driving wheel 3R. Thereby, drive systems corresponding to loads of dump trucks or the like can be configured using identical components.

In a power control unit provided in this application, a reactor (38) and a DC/DC converter (step-down transformer) (24) are stacked, and a capacitor (40) is arranged next to these. The capacitor (40) is fixed at fixing points (a cradle (90) and a fixing protrusion (88)) in two locations, and is also fixed to the DC/DC converter (24) by a bus bar (104) that electrically connects a terminal (78) of the capacitor to a terminal (100) of the DC/DC converter. A fixing position by the bus bar (104) is a position away from a straight line that passes through the fixing points in two locations, which is advantageous for suppressing vibrations around this straight line.

In a power control unit provided in this application, a reactor (38) and a DC/DC converter (step-down transformer) (24) are stacked, and a capacitor (40) is arranged next to these. The capacitor (40) is fixed at fixing points (a cradle (90) and a fixing protrusion (88)) in two locations, and is also fixed to the DC/DC converter (24) by a bus bar (104) that electrically connects a terminal (78) of the capacitor to a terminal (100) of the DC/DC converter. A fixing position by the bus bar (104) is a position away from a straight line that passes through the fixing points in two locations, which is advantageous for suppressing vibrations around this straight line.

An electrical system for a vehicle which can be electrically driven includes a high-voltage DC system and a low-voltage DC system. A DC/DC converter is, or can be, electrically connected to the high-voltage DC system at one end and to the low-voltage DC system at the other end. An AC line passage is, or can be, electrically connected to a first DC/AC converter. The first DC/AC converter is, or can be, electrically connected to the high-voltage DC system at one end and to an AC drive device of the vehicle by way of the AC line passage at the other end. There is also included a DC energy source, in particular a fuel cell device for example. A second DC/AC converter is, or can be, electrically connected to the DC energy source at one end and to the AC line passage at the other end.

An electrical system for a vehicle which can be electrically driven includes a high-voltage DC system and a low-voltage DC system. A DC/DC converter is, or can be, electrically connected to the high-voltage DC system at one end and to the low-voltage DC system at the other end. An AC line passage is, or can be, electrically connected to a first DC/AC converter. The first DC/AC converter is, or can be, electrically connected to the high-voltage DC system at one end and to an AC drive device of the vehicle by way of the AC line passage at the other end. There is also included a DC energy source, in particular a fuel cell device for example. A second DC/AC converter is, or can be, electrically connected to the DC energy source at one end and to the AC line passage at the other end.

A secondary battery includes a cathode; an anode (1) including a plurality of carbon particles and a plurality of non-carbon particles, (2) the carbon particles containing graphite, (3) the non-carbon particles containing a material including, as a constituent element, one or more of silicon (Si), tin (Sn), and germanium (Ge), and (4) a distribution of a first-order differential value of an integrated value Q of a relative particle amount with respect to a particle diameter D of the plurality of carbon particles having one or more discontinuities, where a horizontal axis and a vertical axis of the distribution indicate the particle diameter D (m) and a first-order differential value dQ/dD, respectively; and an electrolyte.

A secondary battery includes a cathode; an anode (1) including a plurality of carbon particles and a plurality of non-carbon particles, (2) the carbon particles containing graphite, (3) the non-carbon particles containing a material including, as a constituent element, one or more of silicon (Si), tin (Sn), and germanium (Ge), and (4) a distribution of a first-order differential value of an integrated value Q of a relative particle amount with respect to a particle diameter D of the plurality of carbon particles having one or more discontinuities, where a horizontal axis and a vertical axis of the distribution indicate the particle diameter D (m) and a first-order differential value dQ/dD, respectively; and an electrolyte.

A road vehicle comprising: an internal combustion engine; an electric starter motor; a high-voltage electric circuit provided with a first storage system; a low-voltage electric circuit provided with a second storage system and directly connected to the electric starter motor; an electronic DC-DC power converter, which connects the low-voltage electric circuit and the high-voltage electric circuit to one another; and a control unit configured, in the presence of a turned-on condition of the road vehicle and when the internal combustion engine is off, to activate the electronic DC-DC power converter so as to transfer power to be at least partially supplied to the electric starter motor from the high-voltage electric circuit to the low-voltage electric circuit only in case of a cold-start condition of the internal combustion engine.

A road vehicle comprising: an internal combustion engine; an electric starter motor; a high-voltage electric circuit provided with a first storage system; a low-voltage electric circuit provided with a second storage system and directly connected to the electric starter motor; an electronic DC-DC power converter, which connects the low-voltage electric circuit and the high-voltage electric circuit to one another; and a control unit configured, in the presence of a turned-on condition of the road vehicle and when the internal combustion engine is off, to activate the electronic DC-DC power converter so as to transfer power to be at least partially supplied to the electric starter motor from the high-voltage electric circuit to the low-voltage electric circuit only in case of a cold-start condition of the internal combustion engine.