A method for operating a vehicle having: an internal combustion engine for driving the vehicle; at least one emission-relevant load; at least one electrical-system battery; and at least one vehicle battery, in which method prior to the start-up of the vehicle, the at least one vehicle battery is charged with electrical energy from the at least one electrical-system battery and, prior to and/or during the start-up of the internal combustion engine, the at least one emission-relevant load is charged with this electrical energy from the vehicle battery.

A vehicle battery fire sensing apparatus and method includes a battery pack mounted to a vehicle structure and an electronic control unit. The battery pack includes a battery module including one or more battery cells, a battery management system configured to transmit a signal received from the battery module to the electronic control unit, and a battery pack case having a gas discharge portion configured to allow venting gas to be discharged therethrough. The vehicle battery fire sensing apparatus further includes a sensor provided at the vehicle structure, the sensor being configured to measure at least one of the temperature or pressure of the gas discharged from the gas discharge portion.

A marine vessel, system, and process provides for reducing or eliminating fuel consumption and emissions of marine vessels. System and method for charging an electricity storage element of an energy storage system of a floating marine vessel may include applying a power source from a marine platform to an electrical power bus of the floating vessel to charge the electricity storage element. A power generator of the marine vessel configured to supply electrical power to the power bus may be configured from an ON state to an OFF state.

The electrically heated catalyst to which the present disclosure is applied is provided in a hybrid vehicle capable of switching its running mode between EV mode and HC mode and supplied with electrical energy before the internal combustion engine is started. An abnormality detection apparatus calculates an electrical energy parameter relating to the integrated value of electrical power actually supplied to the electrically heated catalyst (actually supplied electrical power) over a specific period of time from the time when supply of electrical power to the electrically heated catalyst is started and detects an abnormality of the electrically heated catalyst by comparing the electrical energy parameter with a threshold. The threshold is set according to the rate of decrease of the charge level of a battery (charge level decrease rate) during a period in which electrical power is supplied to the electrically heated catalyst.

A method of controlling a range extender of an electric vehicle comprises using actual measured or modelled pollution levels dynamically to set a target state of charge level for a range extender of an electric vehicle at a particular location.

Methods and systems are provided for adjusting a vehicle powertrain. In one example, a vehicle powertrain is adjusted in response to an emission limit of an emission zone. Adjustments may be provided via a neural network wirelessly connected to a vehicle controller.

A CO.sub.2 trapping device mounted in a hybrid vehicle, provided with a branch passage branched from an exhaust passage, a CO.sub.2 trapping part provided at the branch passage and trapping CO.sub.2 in inflowing exhaust gas, a cooling part using electric power of the battery to cool the CO.sub.2 trapping part, a flow controlling part controlling an amount of flow of the exhaust gas flowing into the branch passage, and a CO.sub.2 trapping control part controlling the cooling part and the flow controlling part, the CO.sub.2 trapping control part controlling the flow controlling part so as to make the cooling part stop cooling and to shut off the flow of the exhaust gas to the CO.sub.2 trapping part when a charging rate of the battery becomes a predetermined SOC threshold value or less.

A driving scheduling method includes determining a predicted route and exhaust gas emission restriction zones included on the predicted route before driving, when the predicted route includes one or more exhaust gas emission restriction zones, determining whether driving through all the exhaust gas emission restriction zones entirely in an electric vehicle (EV) mode is not possible based on a driving load of the predicted route and initial state of charge (SOC), modifying the predicted route to include a charging route passing through a point at which charging with external power is possible or a detour route detouring at least some of the exhaust gas emission restriction zones when the driving through all the exhaust gas emission restriction zones entirely in the EV mode is not possible, and paying a fee for passing at least some of the exhaust gas emission restriction zones and operating an internal combustion engine in the exhaust gas emission restriction zones for which the fee has been paid when the modification is not possible.

A hybrid vehicle includes a multi-cylinder engine, an exhaust gas control apparatus, an electric motor, an electricity storage device, and a controller. The controller is configured to control the electric motor so as to cover a driving power shortage resulting from execution of catalyst temperature raising control. The catalyst temperature raising control is control that involves stopping fuel supply to at least one of cylinders of the multi-cylinder engine and enriching air-fuel ratios for the other cylinders than the at least one cylinder.

A control device of a hybrid vehicle 1, 1′ comprises a driving plan generating part 61 configured to set in advance a driving mode and a target state of charge of the battery; and an output control part 62 configured to control outputs of the internal combustion engine and the motor. If the hybrid vehicle is being driven from a departure point through at least one via point to a final destination, the driving plan generating part is configured to divide a plurality of routes into pluralities of sections, and set a driving mode of all sections of at least one route to an EV mode. If a value of the target state of charge minus an actual state of charge of the battery becomes larger than a threshold value, the output control part is configured to change the driving mode in a section of a non-EV route.