A method for controlling access to a system by means of an identification (ID) transmitter, wherein the ID transmitter is authenticated by virtue of a distance between the ID transmitter and a reference point in the system being checked by transmitting a radio signal, includes receiving a first version of the radio signal at a first time and a second version of the radio signal at a second time. The method also includes determining, based on the first time and on the second time, whether the second version of the radio signal is a relay signal generated from the radio signal as part of a relay attack, and prompting a measure to prevent access to the system if it is determined that the second version of the radio signal is the relay signal.

The present disclose is directed to a method for dropping off a shipment in a motor vehicle. In one embodiment, the method comprises: transmission of a digital key to a control device of the motor vehicle, transmission of a piece of authentication information to an authentication element, capture of the piece of authentication information or of a piece of information derived from the piece of authentication information, actuation of a vehicle device to allow access to at least part of the motor vehicle interior by the control device when an authentication condition that evaluates both the piece of authentication information or the derived piece of information and the digital key is met, and actuation of the vehicle device and/or of a further vehicle device to close the motor vehicle following storage of the shipment in the motor vehicle or after a prescribed waiting time.

A system and method for managing a permit-based parking environment governed by a parking program. The permit-based parking environment includes a number of parking permits each including a unique RFID tag and tag number. One or more RFID readers are used to scan the vehicles parked in the parking environment to determine if a RFID tag is associated with the parked vehicle. The results of the scan along with information related to the parked vehicle are provided to a permit management system to determine if the vehicle is parked within the scope of privileges pre-defined for that vehicle, pursuant to the parking program governing the parking environment. The permit management system stores, manages, and monitors data related to the permits controlled under the parking program.

Techniques are disclosed for permitting a person to keylessly start a vehicle using a machine-sensible item such as his/her mobile device without requiring the person to possess a smart key.

A device for operating an access and/or driving authorization system of a vehicle includes a mobile access and/or driving authorization unit, a control unit arranged in the vehicle, and at least one detection unit which can be coupled to at least one electronic communication unit. The at least one electronic communication unit is arranged integrated into a document. The at least one detection unit is arranged integrated in the mobile access and/or driving authorization unit and/or in the vehicle. A presence checking operation of the document can be carried out automatically by the at least one detection unit for a person who is in possession of the mobile access and/or driving authorization unit at a specific time. An output unit outputs a message to the person at the specific time as a function of a result of the presence checking operation.

An arrangement for unlocking a vehicle with a user equipment, including an electronic information reader module for reading authenticity information from a passive tag of the user equipment, said passive tag being powered by inducing a voltage therein, wherein the arrangement is configured for running a first authentication protocol via the reader module and the passive tag, a charging device for charging the user equipment, wherein the charging device is located in a closeable space of the vehicle being closeable by at least one lockable lid, wherein the at least one lockable lid is configured to be unlocked when the reader module and the passive tag are in communicative contact and when the arrangement has verified an authenticity of the passive tag, and wherein the arrangement is configured to run an additional authentication protocol with the user equipment for unlocking at least one door of the vehicle.

A passive entry/passive start (PEPS) system includes a communication gateway configured to transmit a ping signal based on at least one of a predetermined period and a predetermined transmission power level. The PEPS system includes at least one sensor configured to receive the ping signal and measure a physical characteristic of the ping signal. The PEPS system includes a central module configured to receive the measured physical characteristic of the ping signal, determine a lower threshold and an upper threshold associated with the at least one sensor, and compare the measured physical characteristic of the ping signal to the lower threshold and the upper threshold. In response to determining that the measured physical characteristic is less than the lower threshold and greater than the upper threshold, the central module is further configured to notify a portable device that the at least one sensor has been tampered with.

A vehicle communication system includes a vehicle-mounted device and a portable device. In the vehicle communication system, a transmission unit transmits a first to third radio signals having intensities weaker in this order, a measurement unit measures an intensity of each of the radio signals, and a determination unit that determines whether an intensity difference between any two of the radio signals among the radio signals measured by the measurement unit is larger than a threshold value. Control of a target mounted on the vehicle is permitted if the intensity difference is larger than the threshold value.

The present invention relates to a transport system with a fleet of self-driving vehicles for transporting persons and/or parcels within a delimited area, a self-driving vehicle for use within such a transport system and a control method of a transport system with a fleet of self-driving vehicles. In order to create a transport system that facilitates low-cost and individual mobility for persons and/or parcels in city traffic in particular, a vehicle control system is proposed according to the invention with an onboard unit associated with the individual vehicle and a central computer, which is connected to all vehicles of the fleet, wherein the vehicle dynamics of an individual vehicle are regulated by the onboard unit and the navigation as well as the integration of an individual vehicle into the traffic is controlled both by the onboard unit and by the central computer.

According to one embodiment, provisioning an amount of power for one or more vehicles can comprise receiving a request indicating a requirement for an amount of power for the one or more vehicles. The request can indicate the requirement for the amount of power for the one or more vehicles individually or in total. A set of management rules can be read from one or more databases. A set of service configuration information and a set of vehicle specific information for the one or more vehicles can also be read from one or more databases. One or more power sources to meet the requirement for the amount of power for the one or more vehicles can be determined based on applying the management rules and using the set of service configuration information and the set of vehicle information and an indication of the determined power sources can be provided.