A solar cell module and a method of manufacturing the same are discussed. The solar cell module includes a plurality of back contact solar cells, an interconnector that is positioned on back surfaces of the plurality of back contact solar cells and electrically connects adjacent back contact solar cells to one another, upper and lower protective layers for protecting the plurality of back contact solar cells, a transparent member that is positioned on the upper protective layer on light receiving surfaces of the plurality of back contact solar cells, and a back sheet that is positioned under the lower protective layer on surfaces opposite the light receiving surfaces of the plurality of back contact solar cells. The upper protective layer and the lower protective layer are formed of different materials.

A solar photovoltaic module (1) intended to receive incident light, said incident light comprising incident visible light and incident near infrared light, visible light being defined as light having a wavelength between 380 nm and 700 nm, excluding 700 nm and near infrared light is defined as light having a wavelength between 700 nm and 2000 nm, characterized in that said solar photovoltaic module (1) comprises: a photovoltaic element (2), sensitive to near-infra red light, at least a first infrared transmitting cover sheet (4), arranged to one side of said photovoltaic element (2), comprising: infrared transmission means arranged to transmit at least 65% of said incident infrared light through said infrared transmitting cover sheet, visible light transmission means arranged to transmit as less as possible incident light having wavelengths lower than 600 nm, preferably lower than 650 nm, more preferably lower than 700 nm, excluding the wavelength of 700 nm, through said infrared transmitting cover sheet (4), reflection means arranged to reflect a portion of said incident visible light of said infrared transmitting cover sheet (4), to the side of said incident light.

The invention relates to a photovoltaic element including an optically functional surface layer for improving a conversion of the incident light. The functioning of the layer involves absorbing incident sunlight having a low wavelength and emitting it again as light radiation having a higher wavelength, so that this light spectrum becomes usable for solar cells. In order to solve the currently unsolved problem of embedding such a layer into a thin-film solar cell with a substrate arranged on the front side, while ensuring high weathering resistance, it is proposed to arrange the optical functional layer in an additional encapsulation element on the front side and thus to construct the photovoltaic element as a double- or multiple composite assembly.

A laminated sheet for sealing electronic elements is configured to comprise: a first long release sheet; a plurality of sealing materials that are laminated on the first release sheet within a central area in the width direction and at different positions in the longitudinal direction; protection materials that are laminated on the first release sheet at both side portions in the width direction; and a second long release sheet that is laminated on the sealing materials and the protection materials at the opposite sides to the first release sheet. According to such a laminated sheet for sealing electronic elements, highly reliable electronic devices can be produced in an efficient manner.

The invention relates to a photovoltaic module comprising (a) a front layer (1) arranged on the sunlight facing side of the photovoltaic module, wherein the front layer (1) comprises a first polypropylene composition, comprising a polypropylene, wherein the transmission of the front layer for light in the wavelength range of 350 nm to 1200 nm is on average at least 65% as compared to a situation without the front layer as determined according to ASTM D1003-13, (b) a sealing layer (2,4) which at least partly encapsulates a plurality of photovoltaic cells (3), wherein the sealing layer (2, 4) comprises a polyolefin elastomer composition comprising an ethylene--olefin copolymer and (c) a back layer (5), wherein the back layer (5) comprises a first reinforced polypropylene layer comprising a second polypropylene composition comprising a polypropylene and optionally a reinforcing filler, wherein the sealing layer is arranged between the front layer and the back layer.

A method for repairing a solar panel with a front-side-encapsulating element and a rear-side-encapsulating element, said method comprising the following steps: a) applying an adhesive paste or liquid to the rear-side-encapsulating element; b) applying a covering layer to the adhesive paste or liquid, and c) hardening the adhesive paste or liquid. The invention also relates to a solar panel comprising a front-side-encapsulating element, a rear-side-encapsulating element, an adhesive layer on a side of the rear-side-encapsulating element facing away from the front-side-encapsulating element, and a covering layer on a side of the adhesive layer facing away from the front-side-encapsulating element.

A string of shingled solar cells is disclosed. The string of shingled solar cells has flexible joints connecting the solar cells made from cured liquid polymeric adhesive. An electrically conductive interconnect passes through the flexible joint. The string of shingled solar cells also has interconnect reinforcements made from cured liquid polymeric adhesive to improve interconnect adhesion to the front surface of the solar cells.

A composition comprising the following components a)-c): a) an alpha composition comprising a multimodal ethylene/alpha-olefin interpolymer, and wherein the alpha composition comprises the following properties: i) an Mz/Mn8.0, ii) a density from 0.855 to 0.890 g/cc, iii) a V100 (100 C.)2,000 Pa.Math.s, iv) a V1.0 (100 C.)15,000 Pa.Math.s, v) a Mn16,000 g/mol; b) a peroxide; and c) a silane coupling agent.

Provided is a solar cell. The solar cell may include a semiconductor layer and a passivation film stack provided on a back surface of the semiconductor layer. The passivation film stack may include a first passivation layer provided on the back surface of the semiconductor layer and including a silicon-rich layer with a silicon atom concentration ranging from 510.sup.21/cm.sup.3 to 2.510.sup.22/cm.sup.3; a second passivation layer provided on a surface of the first passivation layer and including an oxygen-rich and nitrogen-rich layer; and a third passivation layer provided on a surface of the second passivation layer and including at least one silicon nitride film with a gradient-varied refractive index. A first refractive index of the first passivation layer may be greater than a second refractive index of the second passivation layer and smaller than a third refractive index of the third passivation layer.

Provided are a microstructured optical film structure with a latitude position optimization function applicable to a solar light-collection module installed (operated) in a direction perpendicular (orthogonal) to sunlight or a direction perpendicular (orthogonal) to the ground and a method of using the light-collection film to collect sunlight or ambient light. The microstructured optical film structure includes a solar (PV) module. The module is applicable to various inorganic/organic photovoltaic chips/photoelectric sensors/modules thereof and includes optimized microstructured optical film layers capable of receiving different light rays incident at various angles from different latitude spaces.