A back-face protection sheet for a solar cell module exhibits excellent adhesion strength and tensile strength even under a high-temperature and high-humidity environment, by using a plastic film that has excellent characteristics such as electrical insulation characteristic, heat resistance, dimension stability, mechanical strength, weatherability, and water resistance, and using a two-part type lamination adhesive having excellent weatherability. The back-face protection sheet is made to have excellent adhesion strength and tensile strength for a long period of time, even under a high-temperature and high-humidity environment, by improving weatherability (hydrolysis resistance) as base material films, and giving weatherability (hydrolysis resistance) to the two-part type lamination adhesive to be used in pasting together the base material films.

Embodiments of the disclosure relate to a solar cell and a photovoltaic module, where the solar cell includes a bottom cell, a recombination layer, and a top cell which are stacked in sequence in a first direction. The bottom cell includes a first semiconductor conductive layer, a substrate, and a second semiconductor conductive layer that are stacked in sequence in the first direction, and the second semiconductor conductive layer is disposed between the substrate and the top cell. The recombination layer is disposed between the second semiconductor conductive layer and the top cell and includes transparent conductive layers and at least one metal layer that are alternatingly stacked in the first direction, a top layer and a bottom layer of the recombination layer are both transparent conductive layers.

A layer, sheet or film containing one or more flake-form effect pigments and one or more light scattering centers, methods for its preparation, its use for any type of device collecting solar cell energy, including but not limited to coloring solar cells or solar cell modules, and devices collecting solar cell energy, including but not limited to colored solar cells or colored solar cell modules, comprising such a layer, sheet or film, and methods for their preparation.

Disclosed is a bendable and flexible photovoltaic device comprising a photovoltaic cell; an adhesive layer, provided on both sides of the photovoltaic cell; and an encapsule layer, provided on the adhesive layer to encapsulate the photovoltaic cell. The encapsulant layer comprises cured silicone.

The present disclosure relates generally to roofing systems, for example, suitable for covering the roof of a house or other building. The present disclosure relates more particularly to a roofing system including first and second group of roofing panels. Each roofing panel of the first group is a solar roofing panel and includes a light transmissible front layer, a back layer, photovoltaic cells disposed between a rear surface of the front layer and a front surface of the back layer, and a color-matching surface disposed behind the front layer. Each roofing panel of the second group is a cuttable non-solar roofing panel and includes a cuttable substrate. Visual characteristics of a front face of the roofing panels of the first group and a front face of roofing panels of the second group match.

The invention relates to solar cells or solar cell modules comprising a layer on or in the front radiation-receiving side of the solar cell comprising effect pigments consisting of a transparent or semi-transparent flake-form substrate coated with one or more layers of transparent or semi-transparent materials and optionally with a post coating, and a process for their preparation.

An encapsulating composition, a composition, an encapsulating glue film, an electronic component and a solar cell assembly are provided. The encapsulating composition includes polyolefin resin, polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate and organic peroxide, and the structural formula of the polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate is represented by a formula (I). When the polyolefin resin is heated and melted, the ethylene glycol dimethacrylate is delaminated and aggregated in the polyolefin resin. A polymer network structure that has a three-dimensional network structure and that has several ester groups and ether bonds is formed in situ in a polyolefin resin matrix, and the polymer network structure may adsorb residual metal ions in the polyolefin resin.

According to at least one exemplary embodiment an empyreal reaper may be provided. The empyreal reaper may include a packaging, one or more mirrors contained within the packaging which concentrate photonic energy from a photonic light source into focused light, one or more gain mediums which receive, on one or more absorption faces, the photonic energy concentrated by the one or more mirrors, and/or a photoelectric material which receives photonic energy from the one or more gain mediums and converts the photonic energy into electrical energy.

A backsheet stack for a photovoltaic module is disclosed. The photovoltaic module includes a laminate with embedded solar cells. The backsheet stack includes: an outer protective layer, an inner adhesion layer, at least one barrier layer, and at least one reinforcing layer. The outer protective layer is configured to provide protection from ultra-violet radiation. The inner adhesion layer is configured to provide adhesion to a laminate with embedded solar cells. The at least one barrier layer is formed between the outer protective layer and the inner adhesion layer and forms a sealing layer to moisture penetration. The at least one reinforcement layer is formed between the outer protective layer and the inner adhesion layer and provides mechanical stability for the backsheet stack.

A chemically strengthened glass has a thickness of more than 2 mm, a surface compressive stress CS.sub.0 of 400 MPa to 1200 MPa, a depth of compressive stress layer DOL-tail of 2.7 m to 30.0 m, an absolute value of an average slope of a stress profile from a surface to the DOL-tail of 20 MPa/m to 500 MPa/m, and a tensile stress CT of 1.0 MPa to 16 MPa.