Provided is a brake control apparatus and a brake system capable of improving reliability of a performance of holding a hydraulic pressure in a wheel cylinder. A brake control apparatus includes a first valve provided in a first oil passage connecting a hydraulic source configured to supply brake fluid to a wheel cylinder and the wheel cylinder to each other, a return flow oil passage connected to the first oil passage between the hydraulic source and the first valve and configured to return the brake fluid supplied from the hydraulic source to a low-pressure portion, a pressure adjustment valve provided in the return flow oil passage and configured to adjust a brake hydraulic pressure in the first oil passage, and a hydraulic holding portion configured to hold a hydraulic pressure in the wheel cylinder set by a brake hydraulic pressure supplied from the hydraulic source to the wheel cylinder by activating the pressure adjustment valve and the first valve in respective valve-closing directions.

A method for operating a deceleration system for deceleration a plurality of wheels of a vehicle, the deceleration system comprising at least one control device comprising at least one microprocessor and/or at least one microcontroller is disclosed. The method comprises determining, a total deceleration effort value to be applied by the deceleration system and a distributing the total deceleration effort value by the at least one control device, to a front deceleration effort value to be applied to front wheels of the vehicle by the deceleration system and to a rear deceleration effort value to be applied to rear wheels of the vehicle by the deceleration system. The method comprises sending, by the at least one control device, a control signal to the deceleration system, the control signal comprising the front deceleration effort value and the rear deceleration effort value.

A method for determining a continuous braking power for a vehicle, in particular a commercial vehicle, the method having the steps: determining an ambient temperature; determining a speed, wherein the speed is representative of the speed of the vehicle, in particular the commercial vehicle; determining a thermal emission per unit time of a friction braking device on the basis of the ambient temperature and the speed; and determining the continuous braking power of the friction braking device on the basis of the thermal emission per unit time.

An apparatus for operating an electric machine of a vehicle during a recuperation process is provided. The vehicle includes a first electric machine which is coupled to a first axle of the vehicle, and a second electric machine which can be coupled to a second axle of the vehicle. The apparatus is configured to determine, on the basis of sensor data from one or more sensors in the vehicle, whether the second electric machine should be used to recuperate electric energy during a recuperation process in addition to the first electric machine. The apparatus is also configured, depending on this determination, to operate the second electric machine during the recuperation process in order to recuperate electric energy.

A method for determining a continuous braking power for a vehicle, in particular a commercial vehicle, the method having the steps: determining an ambient temperature; determining a speed, wherein the speed is representative of the speed of the vehicle, in particular the commercial vehicle; determining a thermal emission per unit time of a friction braking device on the basis of the ambient temperature and the speed; and determining the continuous braking power of the friction braking device on the basis of the thermal emission per unit time.