A driving assistance apparatus includes: a detector that detects a shift position of a transmission of a vehicle; a stimulator that stimulates a driver; a stimulation controller that controls actuation of the stimulator to stimulate the driver in a stimulation pattern in accordance with the shift position; and a determiner that determines whether to be necessary to stimulate the driver even when the shift position is changed.

In one embodiment, in response to a first control command originated from a driver of an ADV, an expected acceleration of the ADV in response to the first control command is determined in view of a current speed of the ADV under the standard driving environment (e.g., dry road, flat road surface, normal tire pressure, zero load). One of the command calibration tables is selected based on a current driving environment of the ADV at the point in time. A lookup operation is performed in the selected command calibration table to obtain a second control command based on the current speed and expected acceleration of the ADV. The second control command is then issued to the ADV to control the ADV. As a result, the ADV would have reached the same acceleration under the current driving environment as if the ADV was driving in the standard driving environment.

A control method for a vehicle has: a step of determining whether a turning operation of a steering system including a steering wheel 6 and the like is performed on the basis of a steering angle that is detected by a steering angle sensor 8; a step of causing a motor generator 4 to generate regenerative power and adding deceleration to a vehicle 1 so as to control a vehicle posture when it is determined that the turning operation of the steering system is performed; and a step of increasing the deceleration, which is added to the vehicle 1 in order to control the vehicle posture, to be higher when the deceleration generated on the vehicle 1 has a first value than when the deceleration generated on the vehicle 1 has a second value that is lower than the first value.

A transmission control method of a hybrid vehicle provided with a transmission having no reverse gear, may include performing a speed control of a motor with a target RPM corresponding to an existing gear step when a shift lever is switched from a drive D to a neutral N; and performing a backward travel with the existing gear step by engaging a gear of the existing gear step with a clutch and applying a reverse torque of the motor to the transmission when the shift lever is switched from the neutral N to a reverse R.

A controller of a driving force control apparatus starts shift-change-timing restrain control to limit operation driving force at a timing when a starting condition including a condition that a shift position has changed when an accelerator pedal is in an operating state becomes satisfied, and performs reverse-timing restrain control to limit the operation driving force when a performing condition including a condition that the accelerator pedal is in the operating state as well as the shift position is in a reverse position is satisfied. When a specific operation is performed during the shift-change-timing restrain control being performed, the controller moderates a degree of the limitation to the operation driving force in the shift-change-timing restrain control or stops this control. When the specific operation is performed during the reverse-timing restrain control being performed, the controller maintains a degree of the limitation to the operation driving force in the reverse-timing restrain control.

A transmission control method of a hybrid vehicle provided with a transmission having no reverse gear, may include performing a speed control of a motor with a target RPM corresponding to an existing gear step when a shift lever is switched from a drive D to a neutral N; and performing a backward travel with the existing gear step by engaging a gear of the existing gear step with a clutch and applying a reverse torque of the motor to the transmission when the shift lever is switched from the neutral N to a reverse R.

A control apparatus for a vehicle includes a vehicle driving control portion configured to permit reverse driving of the vehicle in a reverse direction while the automatic transmission is placed in a forward-drive low-speed gear position, with the motor/generator being operated in a negative direction to generate a negative torque, and a transmission shifting control portion configured to implement a control for promotion to establish the forward-drive low-speed gear position, when switching from forward driving of the vehicle to its reverse driving of the vehicle is required in the process of a shifting action of the automatic transmission to the forward-drive low-speed gear position. The transmission shifting control portion implements the control for promotion to establish the forward-drive low-speed gear position, according to a state of control of the engaging-side coupling device to be brought into its engaged state for establishing the forward-drive low-speed gear position.

In one embodiment, in response to a first control command originated from a driver of an ADV, an expected acceleration of the ADV in response to the first control command is determined in view of a current speed of the ADV under the standard driving environment (e.g., dry road, flat road surface, normal tire pressure, zero load). One of the command calibration tables is selected based on a current driving environment of the ADV at the point in time. A lookup operation is performed in the selected command calibration table to obtain a second control command based on the current speed and expected acceleration of the ADV. The second control command is then issued to the ADV to control the ADV. As a result, the ADV would have reached the same acceleration under the current driving environment as if the ADV was driving in the standard driving environment.

An apparatus and system for actuating a manual gearbox, particularly of a motorcycle having a drive engine, and for carrying out a gear change while the clutch is engaged between the drive engine and the manual gearbox. The apparatus has a selector shaft, which can be actuated rotationally, and a gear-selector drum, which can be actuated rotationally. The gear-changing apparatus has a gear-change lever provided for actuating the selector shaft, and is adapted for influencing the output torque of the drive engine. One or more magnetic sensor(s), such as Hall effect sensors, are provided for sensing rotational actuation of the selector shaft and, optionally, for sensing rotational actuation of the gear selector drum. The sensor(s) send a signal to a controller and mechanisms known for affecting a change in gear to a lower or higher gear.

A method may include at least a step for inputting a parking position signal and a step for issuing a braking signal. In the step for inputting a parking position signal, at least one parking position signal is input that represents a movement of a gearshift lever of an automatic shifting device in the vehicle toward a gearshift lever parking position (P) by a driver of the vehicle via at least one intermediate position (Z). In the step for issuing a braking signal, at least one braking signal is issued for executing a braking procedure to reduce the speed of the vehicle using the parking position signal when the speed of the vehicle exceeds a predetermined minimum speed.