A mobility device that can accommodate speed sensitive steering, adaptive speed control, a wide weight range of users, an abrupt change in weight, traction control, active stabilization that can affect the acceleration range of the mobility device and minimize back falls, and enhanced redundancy that can affect the reliability and safety of the mobility device.

According to one embodiment, an electrode includes a current collector and an active material-containing layer. The active material-containing layer contains a titanium-niobium composite oxide. A cross-section of the active material-containing layer includes a first cross-section from the current collector to length 0.5t with respect to a thickness t of the active material-containing layer, and a second cross-section from length 0.5t to length t from the current collector. An area ratio S1 occupied by the titanium-niobium composite oxide within the first cross-section, and an area ratio S2 occupied by the titanium-niobium composite oxide within the second cross-section satisfy 0.8<S2/S1<1. A maximum peak in a particle diameter frequency distribution of the titanium-niobium composite oxide is from 0.5 μm to 3 μm.

A vehicle having a traction battery with at least one cell includes a controller coupled to the traction battery and programmed to modify traction battery current in response to a difference between a lithium plating parameter target value and a lithium plating parameter actual value to reduce the difference. The lithium plating parameter or indicator may be based on a differential open circuit voltage of a battery cell, or a ratio of differential voltage of the at least one cell as a function of time to cell charging rate of the at least one cell.

A straddle vehicle includes: an on-vehicle part disposed behind an engine and including a battery; and a traveling wind passage structure disposed at a lateral side of the on-vehicle part. The battery includes a heat radiator exposed a side surface of the battery. The traveling wind passage structure includes: an inflow port into which traveling wind flows; a outflow port from which the traveling wind flows; and a side wall that is located between the inflow port and the outflow port and defines a passage between the side wall and a side surface of the on-vehicle part. The passage includes: a heat exchange region adjacently located at a lateral side of the heat radiator; and an upstream region adjacently located upstream of the heat exchange region. A passage sectional area of the heat exchange region is smaller than a passage sectional area of the upstream region.

A utility vehicle includes a plurality of ground-engaging members, a frame supported by the ground-engaging members, and a plurality of body panels supported by the frame. The utility vehicle also includes a radiator supported on a rear portion of the frame. Additionally, the utility vehicle includes an air intake assembly partially supported by an upper portion of the frame.

A battery system includes a traction battery, a traction battery controller, and a backup controller. The traction battery powers a high-voltage domain. The traction battery controller may be powered by a low-voltage domain that is separated from the high-voltage domain. The traction battery may be configured to disable cell balancing of the traction battery after expiration of a main timer. The backup controller may be powered by and within the high-voltage domain. The backup controller implements a backup timer, that includes a non-processor logic circuit, and is configured to disable cell balancing after expiration of the backup timer.

The disclosure relates to a battery lower casing and a battery system. The battery lower casing includes: a bottom plate; a plurality of fixing beams sequentially connected end to end and fixed to the bottom plate; a cross beam disposed between the oppositely disposed fixing beams; and a supporting bracket including a base plate and limiting portions, wherein the limiting portions are connected to the base plate and disposed opposite to each other, the base plate and the oppositely disposed limiting portions enclose and form a recess, the base plate is connected to the fixing beam and an end portion of the cross beam adjacent to the fixing beam is embedded in the recess such that the cross beam is connected to the fixing beam.

A utility vehicle includes a plurality of ground-engaging members, a frame supported by the ground-engaging members, and a plurality of body panels supported by the frame. The utility vehicle also includes a radiator supported on a rear portion of the frame. Additionally, the utility vehicle includes an air intake assembly partially supported by an upper portion of the frame.

A vehicle system is provided with a battery and a controller. The battery includes a first module having a first capacity and a second module. The controller programmed to responsive to indication that the second module has been replaced by a new module with a second capacity that is greater than the first capacity for a corresponding state of charge (SOC), adjust a second SOC of the new module such that a maximum SOC value of the new module aligns with a maximum SOC value of the first module. The controller is further programmed to balance the first module and the new module separately.

Power supply device includes: a pair of end plates disposed on both ends in a stacking direction of battery stack constituted by stacking a plurality of secondary battery cells; and a plurality of fastening members fastening the pair of end plates together. Each of fastening members includes fastening main face having a flat plate shape and locking block fixed to a corner of fastening main face Each of end plates is formed with step that locks locking block while being fastened by fastening members, and has end plate screw hole opened near step. Each of fastening members has fastening side through hole opened so as to align with end plate screw hole while having each of end plates fastened, and has a fixing region fixing locking block to fastening main face disposed in a direction further away from each of end plates than fastening side through hole.