The present invention relates to methods of controlling kinetic energy recovery systems (KERS), to controllers, KERS, drivetrains and vehicles including the KERS and controllers. The KERS comprises an energy storage system. In an embodiment, a vehicle is provided with a first vehicle operating mode wherein the energy storage system has a first target state of charge, and with a second vehicle operating mode wherein the energy storage system has a second target state of charge. The first or second vehicle operating mode is selected and energy is transferred between the energy storage system and the vehicle in order to achieve the target state of charge associated with the selected vehicle operating mode. In other embodiments, the KERS includes a variable power transmission device adapted to transfer energy to and from the energy storage system. The energy storage system is maintained at suitable energy levels for the vehicle's driving conditions.

A work vehicle and energy storage device include an electric machine having a stator and a rotor. The rotor is configured to rotate from the flow of electrical current provided to the electric machine, rotate to store energy of the work vehicle, provide a rotor mass to an end of the work vehicle, and generate electrical current for the work vehicle from rotation of the rotor. The rotor mass is greater than a stator mass.

The present invention intends to provide a rotary tilling apparatus capable of separating a power transmission system starting from a flywheel to a passive movement device through an elastic coupler from another power transmission system starting from the flywheel to a rotor of a motor generator, and thereby reducing a load applied to the rotor and preventing the power transmission system of the passive movement device from providing an negative effect to an engine and the rotor. A parallel hybrid power transmission mechanism (1) includes an engine (2), a crank shaft (2A) disposed on the engine (2), a motor generator (3), a passive movement device (4) configured to receive a motive power of the motor generator (3), an input shaft (4A) disposed on the passive movement device (4), a flywheel (5) coupled to the crank shaft (2A), an elastic coupler (6) configured to couple the flywheel (5) to the input shaft (4A), and a rotor (7) disposed on the motor generator (3) and coupled to the fly wheel (5).

A vehicle driveline and a method for synchronizing a flywheel and the vehicle driveline are provided. The vehicle driveline includes a power source, a primary clutch drivingly engaged with the power source, a primary transmission drivingly engaged with the primary clutch, a secondary transmission drivingly engaged with one of a portion of the primary clutch and an input of the primary transmission, a controller in communication with the secondary transmission, and a flywheel drivingly engaged with the secondary transmission. The vehicle driveline facilitates a transfer of energy to and from the flywheel based on at least one of a state of charge of the flywheel, a power requirement of the vehicle driveline, and a state of operation of the power source.