A method of fabricating a plant-based additive for inhibiting nitrite formation during meat preparation includes reacting a pomegranate peel extract with a zinc precursor solution to obtain a reaction mixture, stirring the reaction mixture for 15 to 60 min at a temperature of 50 to 90 C. to obtain zinc oxide nanoparticles; and combining the zinc oxide nanoparticles with at least one extract selected from the group consisting of red cabbage extract and a beet root extract to obtain the plant-based additive. The extract comprises 500 to 1000 parts per million of nitrate relative to a total weight of the plant-based additive.

A method of fabricating a plant-based additive for inhibiting nitrite formation during meat preparation includes reacting a pomegranate peel extract with a zinc precursor solution to obtain a reaction mixture, stirring the reaction mixture for 15 to 60 min at a temperature of 50 to 90 C. to obtain zinc oxide nanoparticles; and combining the zinc oxide nanoparticles with at least one extract selected from the group consisting of red cabbage extract and a beet root extract to obtain the plant-based additive. The extract comprises 500 to 1000 parts per million of nitrate relative to a total weight of the plant-based additive.

Lime-incorporated chitosan (LCh) beads are a non-toxic, environmentally friendly, and efficient preservative for food products, showcasing their superiority in microbial control, alcohol inhibition, color retention, and maintenance of physicochemical parameters. The all-natural LCh beads described here exhibit an on-par preservation performance with synthetic sodium benzoate at its maximum permissible limit in fruit juices. Additionally, the LCh beads offer the unique advantage of reusability, maintaining their preservation efficacy over multiple fruit juice preservation cycles, contributing to economic and environmental sustainability. The all-natural and biodegradable LCh beads exhibit comparable or superior preservation performance to synthetic preservatives like sodium benzoate at its maximum permissible limit in fruit juices. In light of the growing concerns about the harmful effects of synthetic preservatives, LCh beads present an eco-friendly and biocompatible solution, aligning with the increasing consumer demand for fresh and safe foods without chemically synthesized additives.