Methods of fabricating solar cell emitter regions with differentiated P-type and N-type architectures and incorporating a multi-purpose passivation and contact layer, and resulting solar cells, are described. In an example, a solar cell includes a substrate having a light-receiving surface and a back surface. A P-type emitter region is disposed on the back surface of the substrate. An N-type emitter region is disposed in a trench formed in the back surface of the substrate. An N-type passivation layer is disposed on the N-type emitter region. A first conductive contact structure is electrically connected to the P-type emitter region. A second conductive contact structure is electrically connected to the N-type emitter region and is in direct contact with the N-type passivation layer.

A sealing film for a solar cell and a method of manufacturing the same, and a sealing structure for a solar cell module having the sealing film for a solar cell are provided. The sealing film for a solar cell includes a substrate and an adhesive layer having a conducting wire structure, wherein the adhesive layer having the conducting wire structure is located on the substrate, and the conducting wire structure is in contact with the substrate. Via the sealing film for a solar cell having the above configuration, a plurality of solar cell units not electrically connected to one another can be electrically connected by using the conducting wire structure of the sealing film for a solar cell while sealing and laminating the solar cell.

A solar cell and a solar laminate are described. The solar cell can have a front side which faces the sun during normal operation and a back side opposite front side. The solar cell can include conductive contacts having substantially reflective outer regions disposed on the back side of the solar cell. The solar laminate can include a first encapsulant, the first encapsulant disposed on the back side of the solar cell and a second encapsulant. The solar laminate can include the solar cell laminated between the first and second encapsulant. The substantially reflective outer regions of the conductive contacts and the first encapsulant can be configured to scatter and/or diffuse light at the back side of the solar laminate for substantial light collection at the back side of the solar cell. Methods of fabricating the solar cell are also described herein.

A solar cell module includes a plurality of solar cells each including a semiconductor substrate and first and second electrodes extending in a first direction on a back surface of the semiconductor substrate, and conductive lines disposed to extend in a second direction crossing the first direction on the back surface of the semiconductor substrate of each solar cell. The conductive lines are connected to the first and second electrodes through a conductive adhesive or are insulated from the first and second electrodes through an insulating layer. A first direction length of the conductive adhesive and a first direction length of the insulating layer are equal to or greater than a linewidth of each conductive line and are less than a distance between the conductive lines. The first direction length of the insulating layer is greater than the first direction length of the conductive adhesive.

A solar cell structure may provide a front surface that may include a front passivation layer and front anti-reflective layer. The solar cell structure may provide both contacts on a rear surface. In some cases, the rear surface may optionally provide passivation, doped, and/or transparent conductive oxide layers. The rear surface also provides a multilayer foil assembly (MFA). The MFA provides a first metal foil in electrical communication with doped regions of the rear surface of the substrate, such as base or emitter regions. The MFA may also provide a second metal foil that is spaced apart from the first metal foil by a dielectric layer. The first metal foil and/or the dielectric layer may include openings through the entirety of these layers, and these openings may be utilized to form laser fired contacts electrically coupled to the second metal foil, which is electrically isolated from the first metal foil. In some embodiments, it may be desirable for the second foil to provide openings as well, which can be utilized to form laser fired contacts for the first metal foil.

An apparatus for manufacturing an electrode assembly for connecting a front surface of a first solar cell to a back surface of a second solar cell, the electrode assembly comprising a plurality of conductive elements arranged substantially parallel to one another in a longitudinal direction and substantially spaced apart in a transverse direction, the apparatus comprising: a first roll and a second roll spaced apart to define a gap therebetween for receiving the plurality of conductive elements; and an actuator configured to rotate at least one of the first and second rolls; wherein the apparatus is configured to periodically reduce the gap between the first and second rolls to periodically apply a compressive force to the plurality of conductive elements arranged in the gap when the at least one of the first and second rolls rotates.

The present disclosure provides a back-contact solar cell, a fabrication method, and a solar-cell assembly. In one aspect, a back-contact solar cell includes a solar-cell body and an isolating groove. The solar-cell body includes a silicon substrate, a first semiconductor layer in a first region of a back surface of the silicon substrate, a second semiconductor layer having a portion in a second region of the back surface, and a transparent conductive film layer stacked on the first and second semiconductor layers. The isolating groove extends through the second semiconductor layer and the transparent conductive film layer. An area of a cross section of the isolating groove decreases towards the silicon substrate, and the cross section is parallel to the silicon substrate.

The present disclosure relates to a solar cell, a sliced cell and a manufacturing method thereof, a photovoltaic module, and a photovoltaic system. The solar cell includes a substrate, a doped conductive layer, a first passivation film layer, and a first dielectric layer; the doped conductive layer being arranged on a first surface of the substrate; the first passivation film layer and the first dielectric layer being sequentially stacked on a side of the doped conductive layer facing away from the substrate; and the doped conductive layer, the first passivation film layer, and the first dielectric layer all covering the first surface of the substrate; wherein the substrate further includes a plurality of first side surfaces adjacent to the first surface, and the first passivation film layer further covers at least part of surfaces of the plurality of first side surfaces. The solar cell, the photovoltaic module, and the photovoltaic system in the present disclosure can reduce recombination losses at side edges of the solar cell and improve efficiency.

Provided are a solar cell, a method for manufacturing a solar cell, and a photovoltaic module. A plurality of first pad groups and at least one second pad group are arranged along a first direction on a back surface of the solar cell. The second pad group is distributed in a region of the solar cell adjacent to a cut edge or a non-cut edge of the solar cell. The first pad groups are distributed in a region of the solar cell away from the cut edge or the non-cut edge. Along the first direction, a distance between a pad in the second pad group and a pad in the first pad group adjacent to the pad in the second pad group is greater than a distance between adjacent pads in adjacent first pad groups.

The photovoltaic module includes at least one cell string, including multiple solar cell sheets, and adjacent solar cell sheets in the multiple solar cell sheets are connected to each other by multiple welding strips. In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module further includes multiple welding strips, where each of the multiple welding strips is in electrical contact with a corresponding bus bar, each of the multiple welding strips includes multiple bending portions arranged continuously along a second direction. In addition, along the second direction, an orthographic projection of a central line of each of the multiple welding strips on a back surface of the solar cell sheet coincides with an orthographic projection of a central line of the corresponding bus bar and/or an orthographic projection of a central line of each of the multiple bonding pads on the corresponding bus bar on the back surface of the solar cell sheet.