The present invention provides a composition comprising dendritic cells loaded with hHsp60sp, which dendritic cells are from a subject and have been fixed with paraformaldehyde (PFA). The subject may suffer from an autoimmune disease. Also provided are a method for preparing the composition; recombinant human cells comprising a heterologous gene encoding a fusion protein of HLA-E and hHsp60sp or B7sp, and expressing the fusion protein on the surface of the cells; a method for determining a percentage of maximum inhibition of testing the function of the HLA-E restricted CD8+ Treg cells from a subject, determining whether HLA-E restricted CD8+ Treg cells freshly isolated from a subject are defective, or determining whether defective HLA-E restricted CD8+ Treg cells from a subject are correctable; and a method for correcting defective HLA-E restricted CD8+ Treg cells, treating type 1 diabetes (T1D), or treating multiple sclerosis (MS).

The present invention relates to the field of adoptive cell therapy (ACT), particularly to a method for conditioning a subject for treatment with a medicament comprising regulatory T cells (Tregs), the method comprising administering a low dose of anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) to the subject about 8 weeks or less before administration of the medicament.

The present invention relates to a yeast-derived polysaccharide inducing Treg cells and a use thereof and, more particularly, to a polysaccharide comprising mannan and -glucan, an composition for immunomodulation comprising the polysaccharide as an active ingredient, a pharmaceutical composition or food comprising the polysaccharide as an active ingredient for prevention or treatment of immune disease or inflammatory disease, a method for preparation of regulatory T cells by using the polysaccharide, a cell therapeutic agent comprising the regulatory T cells prepared by the preparation method as an active ingredient, and a treatment method using same. Even at a low dose, the novel polysaccharide according to the present invention allows the production of tolerogenic antigen presenting cells through the -glucan and mannan structure retained therein, whereby the novel polysaccharide can induce the differentiation or production of antigen-specific regulatory T cells (Treg cells) to modulate the target immune system with low adverse effects. Therefore, MGCP and the Treg cells induced by the polysaccharide are effective for preventing or treating immune disease or inflammatory disease.

Described herein are immunoresponsive cells which are useful for their preventive and therapeutic potential against autoimmune diseases and rejections of solid organ transplants.

Disclosed is a method for producing regulatory T cells, the method comprising: (1) differentiating cells that can differentiate into regulatory T cells, into which an expression construct is introduced, into regulatory T cells, the expression construct comprising: (a) conserved non-coding sequence (CNS) 1, CNS2, and CNS3 of Foxp3 gene; (b) a promoter; and (c) a nucleic acid encoding FOXP3.
Also disclosed are regulatory T cells obtained by the method, and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the regulatory T cells.

The invention relates to an artificial T cell receptor, wherein an antigen binding domain of the artificial T cell receptor specifically binds a complement pathway protein, nucleic acids encoding such artificial T cell receptors and cells engineered to express such nucleic acids. The invention also relates to targeting polypeptides comprising an extracellular ligand binding domain and an intracellular domain comprising a transcription factor, and wherein the transcription factor is configured to be released upon binding of the ligand binding domain by a ligand. The invention also relates to cells engineered to express the artificial T cell receptor and the targeting polypeptide, particularly where expression of the artificial T cell receptor is operatively linked to binding of the ligand binding domain. The cells of the invention are useful in medicine, particularly in the treatment of inflammatory conditions.

Provided by the disclosure are compositions and methods for modulating differentiation of regulatory T cells. In some embodiments, methods include selectively decreasing IL-23R activity and/or IL-23R expression without significantly decreasing IL-12R activity and/or IL-12R expression.

Methods of preventing or treating autoimmune disease are disclosed. In some cases, subjects with having or at risk of developing autoimmune disease are identified as possessing one or more autoimmunity-susceptibility HLA alleles at one or more HLA loci. In many cases, the HLA loci are selected from Class I and Class II loci, for example Class I A, B, and C, and Class II DQ, DR, and DP. In many cases, subjects suffering from or at risk of developing an autoimmune disease may be administered a plurality engineered autologous HSCs modified to carry and express a variant susceptibility allele having at least one mutation in the antigen binding cleft that alters antigen binding and/or specificity of that variant HLA molecule. In many embodiments, the engineered HSCs are CD34+ immune cells that express one or more modified HLA proteins.

The present invention relates to regulatory T cell and uses thereof. By their immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory activities, regulatory T cells play a central role in peripheral tolerance and thus critically prevent the development of autoimmune and inflammatory disorders. The inventors showed that Foxp3+CD4+ Tregs express high levels of LT, which negatively regulates their immunosuppressive signature. The inventors have demonstrated that the adoptive transfer of Tregs previously incubated with soluble lymphotoxin- receptor in mice protects from dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis. Thus, the number of cells to be injected in adoptive transfer may be reduced and a transfection or transduction step avoided, which represents a technical facilitation. In particular, the present invention relates to a method of treating or preventing autoimmune disorders and inflammatory-associated cancers in a subject in need thereof comprising the step of administrating to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of regulatory T cells which have been previously incubated with effective amount of soluble lymphotoxin- receptor.

The present invention provides composition kits and methods for treating cancer in a human by immunotherapy using successive doses of CAR-T cells with no or reduced anamnestic immune reaction in one individual (P).