A biopolymer film is provided that comprises a combination of crystalline nano cellulose (CNC)/esterified crystalline nano cellulose (ECNC) reinforced with chitosan. The two polymer components can be present in any ratio, but an approximate CNC to ECNC 70:30 ratio is preferred. The chitosan component is derived from exoskeletons of crustaceans. Also provided are methods of preparing biopolymer film and preparing food packaging components from said biopolymer film. The CNC/ECNC mixture is dissolved in an ethanol solution and the chitin is dissolved in acetic acid and mixed together to form a polymer blend.

The present invention is directed to nanofilaments for polymer brushes, to polymer brushes comprising the nanofilaments and methods of making the same. In particular, the invention provides water soluble nanofilaments which may be grafted to a surface and which may be functionalised with (bio)molecules.

The present invention provides a method for efficiently obtaining a fertilizer containing polysaccharide hydrolysates and nutrients such as calcium, phosphoric acid, and nitrogen. The present invention is a method for manufacturing a fertilizer, characterized by comprising: a hydrolysis step for obtaining a mixture including polysaccharide hydrolysates through hydrolysis of polysaccharides using an acid catalyst; and a neutralizing step after the hydrolysis step for adding at least one basic compound selected from the group consisting of potassium salt, phosphate, ammonium salt, and ammonia.

Provided herein is chitosan dually derivatized with arginine and gluconic acid; and methods of making and using the same, e.g., for gene delivery in vivo.

The present invention provides a hydrogel platform using, as a substrate, hyaluronic acid (HA) conjugated to a pyrogallol (PG) moiety. The HA-PG conjugate of the present invention can be rapidly crosslinked by two different methods, in each of which an oxidizing agent is used or a pH is adjusted. The hydrogel of the present invention can not only have excellent biocompatibility, but also can have efficiently controlled physical characteristics such as a crosslinking rate, elasticity, and adhesive strength, depending on each crosslinking method. On the basis of such excellent stability and functionality, the hydrogel of the present invention can be used in various fields including drug delivery, biopharmaceutical materials such as a wound healing agent or anti-adhesive agent, medicines, and cosmetic products.

A method for synthesizing a nanohybrid comprising forming a polymer solution by dissolving carboxymethyl chitosan and gelatin in a 2-(N-Morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid (MES) buffer, forming a first solution by adding (3-Glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane (GPTMS) to the polymer solution, forming a second solution by adding an acid-hydrolyzed tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) solution to the first solution, forming a third solution by adding a calcium chloride (CaCl.sub.2) solution to the second solution, forming a fourth solution by mixing the third solution with a solution of 1 ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS), forming a frozen nanohybrid, and thawing the frozen nanohybrid.

The invention relates to a hydrogel product comprising glycosaminoglycan molecules as the swellable polymer, wherein the glycosaminoglycan molecules are covalently crosslinked via crosslinks comprising a spacer group selected from the group consisting of di-, tri-, tetra-, and oligosaccharides.

The present disclosure relates to a method for extracting chitin nanocrystals through electron beam irradiation comprising the steps of: (i) irradiating a chitin-based solid material with an electron beam; (ii) washing the chitin-based solid material subjected to electron beam irradiation; (iii) adding a basic solution to the washed chitin-based solid material; (iv) high-pressure homogenizing the chitin-based solid material dispersed in an aqueous system to which the basic solution is added, to prepare a suspension containing chitin nanocrystals.

The present invention relates to cross-linked polymers (e.g., hydrogels) including hyaluronan polymer and multimeric cross-linker for treating disorders (e.g., retinal detachment or osteoarthritis), for use in screening models (e.g., in vitro cell culture system), or for cell transplantation (e.g., in vivo cell delivery).

A substrate having an antibacterial surface includes a chitosan matrix and water-stable metal-organic frameworks dispersed throughout the chitosan matrix. The water-stable metal-organic frameworks are present in an amount of 5% wt/wt to 20% wt/wt based on total solids of the substrate.