Control unit for a vehicle battery pack comprising at least one module provided with a plurality of electrochemical cells carried on board a support structure; the control unit comprising a planar support substrate made of an at least partially insulating material; a plurality of sensor elements; wherein the sensors elements are arranged, on the support substrate, in two rows so as to be each positioned, once the unit is installed on board the vehicle battery pack, in the area of a respective terminal pole of each electrochemical cell; wherein the sensor elements comprise at least one voltage sensing device, which comprises at least two conductor and elastically deformable contact element, which are configured to be elastically compressed between the planar support substrate and the respective terminal pole.

A self-monitoring and self-controlling smart irrigation system is provided. The smart irrigation system may include a plurality of tower control units, which tower control units include one or more processors, one or more memory units, and communication circuitry. The tower control units may be configured to determine one or more operational conditions of the smart irrigation system, to communicate to other tower control units the operational conditions, and to make adjustments based on the operational conditions. The tower control units may be configured for expedient and efficient replacement and maintenance in that they may be readily detachable from the smart irrigation system.

An apparatus for controlling a fuel cell includes a cooling module that cools a fuel cell stack, a first temperature sensor that measures ambient air temperature of a vehicle, and a processor that, when a cooling fan of the cooling module is detected to be defective, determines a fail-safe control method depending on a defect situation of the cooling fan, sets a first limit level depending on the ambient air temperature, sets a second limit level depending on a state of charge (SOC) of a battery and an output requirement, and controls limitation of output of the fuel cell stack, based on at least one of the fail-safe control method, the first limit level, or the second limit level.

A control device includes: an acquiring part that acquires a temperature of a battery cell of the battery; an identifying part that identifies a charge amount of the battery; and a cooling control part that determines a cooling-onset battery cell temperature on the basis of the charge amount identified by the identifying part, and operates an electric compressor to begin cooling the cooling water with the secondary refrigerant on condition that the temperature acquired by the acquiring part is higher than the determined, cooling-onset battery cell temperature. When the identifying part identifies a first charge amount, the cooling control part determines a higher cooling-onset battery cell temperature than in a case where the identifying part identifies a second charge amount that is higher than the first charge amount.

A display apparatus for a vehicle is disclosed. A display apparatus for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes: an organic light emitting diode (OLED) panel; a driving controller to output a driving signal; a first temperature detector in a first area of a rear surface of the OLED panel; a second temperature detector in a second area of the rear surface of the OLED panel; and a signal processing device to perform a first degradation compensation mode or a second degradation compensation mode based on a difference between a first temperature and a second temperature, wherein the signal processing device controls a luminance compensation value in the second degradation compensation mode to be greater than a luminance compensation value in the first degradation compensation mode. Accordingly, degradation may be reduced in an adaptive manner based on the temperature of each area of the panel.

Provided is a control unit for an electrically driven vehicle, in which thermal effects on a control board and the like is reduced, and heat dissipation is satisfactorily A control unit (20) for an electrically driven performed. vehicle receives an operation signal and signals from various sensors, and outputs control signals for left and right inverters that drive left and right motors connected to left and right wheels, respectively. The control unit (20) includes, in a box (21), a first interface board (25) on which at least an interface with a large amount of heat generation is mounted, a second interface board (26) on which an interface with a smaller amount of heat generation than the interface mounted on the first interface board is mounted, and a control board (24) for generating a control signal. The first interface board (25) is disposed higher than the second interface board (26) and the control board (24) in the box (21).

A temperature control system for a vehicle includes a refrigeration cycle circuit and a cooling water circuit. The refrigeration cycle circuit includes a compressor, a radiator, and a first heat exchanger that exchanges heat between refrigerant and cooling water. The cooling water circuit includes a first cooling water circuit including the first heat exchanger, a storage battery heat exchanger, and a first pump; a second cooling water circuit including an external heat exchanger, a drive system heat exchanger that exchanges heat with a drive system component, and a second pump; a first thermal coupler that switches the cooling water circulating through the first cooling water circuit and the cooling water circulating through the second cooling water circuit between thermal coupling and separation; and a bypass circuit that includes an on-off valve connected to upstream and downstream of the external heat exchanger, provided in parallel with the first cooling water circuit.

An apparatus for controlling a fuel cell includes a cooling module that cools a fuel cell stack, a first temperature sensor that measures ambient air temperature of a vehicle, and a processor that, when a cooling fan of the cooling module is detected to be defective, determines a fail-safe control method depending on a defect situation of the cooling fan, sets a first limit level depending on the ambient air temperature, sets a second limit level depending on a state of charge (SOC) of a battery and an output requirement, and controls limitation of output of the fuel cell stack, based on at least one of the fail-safe control method, the first limit level, or the second limit level.