The present disclosure provides methods of fabricating a multijunction solar cell panel in which one or more of the steps are performed using an automated process. In some embodiments, the automated process uses machine vision.

A solar cell assembly in which a solar cell component is bonded to a flexible support is disclosed. The solar cell assembly comprises a flexible support with a predetermined size, a solar cell component, bonding adhesive between the support and the solar cell component, wherein the support with the predetermined size has a uniform borders of 0.003 inch to 0.2 inch in width extending beyond the edges of the solar cell component.

In one embodiment, harmful solar cell polarization is prevented or minimized by providing a conductive path that bleeds charge from a front side of a solar cell to the bulk of a wafer. The conductive path may include patterned holes in a dielectric passivation layer, a conductive anti-reflective coating, or layers of conductive material formed on the top or bottom surface of an anti-reflective coating, for example. Harmful solar cell polarization may also be prevented by biasing a region of a solar cell module on the front side of the solar cell.

Intercalation pastes for use with semiconductor devices are disclosed. The pastes contain precious metal particles, intercalating particles, and an organic vehicle and can be used to improve the material properties of metal particle layers. Specific formulations have been developed to be screen-printed directly onto a dried metal particle layer and fired to make a fired multilayer stack. The fired multilayer stack can be tailored to create a solderable surface, high mechanical strength, and low contact resistance. In some embodiments, the fired multilayer stack can etch through a dielectric layer to improve adhesion to a substrate. Such pastes can be used to increase the efficiency of silicon solar cells, specifically multi- and mono-crystalline silicon back-surface field (BSF), and passivated emitter and rear contact (PERC) photovoltaic cells. Other applications include integrated circuits and more broadly, electronic devices.

An encapsulant film and an optoelectronic device are provided. The encapsulant film having improved thermal resistance, and excellent adhesion, especially, long-term adhesive properties, to a front substrate and a back sheet can be provided. Also, the optoelectronic device capable of maintaining excellent workability and economic feasibility upon manufacture of the device without causing a negative influence on working environments and parts such as optoelectronic elements or wiring electrodes encapsulated by the encapsulant film can be provided.

A photovoltaic module including at least a transparent first layer forming a front face of the photovoltaic module to receive a light flux, an assembly of plural photovoltaic cells arranged side by side and connected together electrically, an assembly encapsulating the photovoltaic cells, and a second layer fo ming a rear face of the photovoltaic module. The encapsulating assembly and assembly of photovoltaic cells is located between the first and second layers. The first layer includes at least a transparent polymer material and plural plates independent from one another, each plate located opposite at least one photovoltaic cell, to form a discontinuous front face for the photovoltaic module. Rigidity of the encapsulating assembly is defined by a Young's modulus of the encapsulation material greater than or equal to 75 MPa at ambient temperature and a thickness of the encapsulating assembly is between 0.4 and 1 mm.

Provided is a hydrolysis-resistant polyester film having a low acid value due to suppression of acid value-increase during film formation. The hydrolysis-resistant polyester film of the present invention is a polyester film comprising a polyester resin composition, wherein the polyester resin composition that forms the films comprises 0.03 to 6.7 eq/ton of hindered phenol structural units, an acid value of a polyester that forms the film is less than 25 eq/ton, and an intrinsic viscosity of a polyester that forms the film is more than 0.64 dL/g and not less than 0.90 dL/g.

A polyester film including a cyclic carbodiimide compound represented by the following Formula (O-1) has good film thickness uniformity without increase in viscosity. R.sup.1 and R.sup.5 represent an alkyl group, an aryl group, or an alkoxy group; R.sup.2 to R.sup.4 and R.sup.6 to R.sup.8 represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, or an alkoxy group; X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 represent a single bond, O, CO, S, SO.sub.2, NH, or CH.sub.2; and L.sup.1 represents a divalent linking group. ##STR00001##

According to the present invention, a resin composition for a solar-cell encapsulating material includes an ethylene-olefin copolymer of which an MFR measured based on ASTM D1238 under conditions of 190 C. and a load of 2.16 kg is equal to or less than 10 g/10 minutes, a silane coupling agent, and a hindered amine-based photostabilizer. pH of the hindered amine-based photostabilizer, which is measured by using the following measuring method is equal to or less than 9.0. In the measuring method, the pH is measured by using a potential difference measuring device and by using a solution which contains 10 g of acetone, 1 g of water, and 0.01 g of the hindered amine-based photostabilizer, as a sample.

A solar cell module includes: solar cells each having a first main surface and a second main surface; a front-side transparent protective member disposed on a first main surface-side of the solar cells; a front-side transparent encapsulant layer disposed between the front-side transparent protective member and the solar cells; a back-side protective member disposed on a second main surface-side of the solar cells; a back-side white encapsulant layer disposed between the back-side protective member and the solar cells; and a back-side transparent encapsulant layer disposed between the back-side white encapsulant layer and the solar cells, wherein a thickness of the back-side transparent encapsulant layer in a vicinity of an edge portion of the second main surface of the solar cells is less than a thickness of the back-side transparent encapsulant layer in a region between the solar cells that are neighboring to each other.