A communication apparatus which includes a plurality of network interfaces stores the address of the communication apparatus in a network in association with one of the plurality of network interfaces, decides, if there is a signal to be transmitted, a network interface to be used to transmit the signal out of the plurality of network interfaces, determines whether one or more first addresses associated with the decided network interface are stored, and performs control, if at least one of the first addresses is stored, so as to select the second address out of the first addresses based on a value at least used to set a communicable range, and transmit the signal to be transmitted by using the second address as a transmission source address.

Integration of a land mobile radio (LMR) communications system and other wireless IP based systems such as LTE by way of a virtual router and virtual base stations. The LMR system may be either trunked or conventional. The virtual router maintains LMR IDs and also IP addresses for both physical and virtual base stations, multi bearer terminals and other components of the integrated system. Physical LMR base stations form a physical network. Virtual LMR base stations form a virtual network. These physical and virtual LMR networks communicate using ISSI, AIS or DFSI for example.

A method and system for demultiplexing packets of a message is provided.

The demultiplexing system receives packets of a message, identifies a sequence of message handlers for processing the message, identifies state information associated with the message for each message handler, and invokes the message handlers passing the message and the associated state information. The system identifies the message handlers based on the initial data type of the message and a target data type. The identified message handlers effect the conversion of the data to the target data type through various intermediate data types.

A system and method for the late-biding of time-based media in real-time. With late binding, the sender may create time-based media before or at the same time an active delivery route to the recipient is discovered. As soon as the route becomes available, the media is transmitted. The existing DNS and email infrastructure is possibly used for route discovery, while any real-time transmission protocol may be used for the actual delivery of the media. “Progressive” emails may also be used for the real-time delivery of time-based media.

Methods and apparatuses are described for wireless communications. Cells may be grouped into a plurality of cell groups. A time adjustment may be determined and applied to uplink transmission timing of a cell group. A transmission timing difference between a first cell group and a second cell group may be determined. If the transmission timing difference exceeding a threshold, one or more devices may stop transmitting uplink signals via one or more secondary cells and/or may stop applying the timing adjustment for a cell group.

Embodiments of the present invention include a method for providing a secure domain name system (DNS) for machine to machine communications. In one embodiment, the method includes storing policy information for machine to machine communications in a global DNS registry database server. The method further includes communicating the policy information for machine to machine communications from the global DNS registry database server to a machine DNS registry server located in an Internet service provider (ISP) network, wherein a control signaling gateway located in the ISP network is configured to utilize the policy information for machine to machine communications to allow only registered controllers associated with a machine to communicate with the machine.

The present invention discloses a method and an apparatus for establishing a link between virtualized network functions. The method includes obtaining an internet protocol (IP) address of a connection point (CP) of a first virtualized network function (VNF) and identification information of the CP. The method also includes determining identification information of a second VNF corresponding to the identification information of the CP of the first VNF, sending the IP address of the CP of the first VNF and the identification information of the CP to the second VNF corresponding to the identification information of the second VNF. Additionally, the method includes starting a link connection establishment process between a CP of the second VNF and the CP of the first VNF.

Methods and apparatuses for supporting location and emergency calls for an over-the-top (OTT) service provider are disclosed. A UE may send a request for an emergency call to an OTT service provider and may include in the request mobile network operator (MNO) data for a serving MNO for the UE. The OTT service provider may forward the emergency call request to an Internet Protocol (IP) Multimedia Subsystem (IMS). The IMS may determine routing information for the emergency call and either return the routing information to the OTT service provider to enable the OTT service provider to route the emergency call to a public safety answering point (PSAP) or may route the emergency call itself to the PSAP. The call request routed by the IMS or by the OTT service provider may include a reference identifier that may enable the PSAP to obtain a location for the UE from the IMS.

A method of deploying a network service (NS) across multiple data centers includes identifying virtual network functions (VNFs) associated with the NS in response to a request for or relating to the NS, generating commands to deploy VNFs based on VNF descriptors, and issuing the commands to the data centers to deploy VNFs. The data centers each have a cloud management server in which cloud computing management software is run to provision virtual infrastructure resources thereof for a plurality of tenants. The cloud computing management software of a first data center is different from the cloud computing management software of a second data center, and the commands issued to the first and second data centers are each a generic command that is not in a command format of the cloud computing management software of either the first data center or the second data center.

Modular industrial automation device and method for configuring a modular industrial automation device, wherein in order to configure the modular industrial automation device which includes a central unit and at least one communication module which each comprise a router module and a routing configuration unit, the routing configuration units transmit routing information stored in their routing table to routing configuration units of other router modules, and the routing configuration units update their respective routing table based on routing information which is received from routing configuration units of other router modules and relates to routes to IPv4 subnetworks assigned to other router modules, a default gateway and a connection between the associated router module and a backplane bus system.