A control apparatus, includes a first unit configured to be capable of specifying an identification rule to identify a packet based on a user of a virtual network including a plurality of virtual nodes; and a second unit configured to be capable of sending an instruction to a physical node corresponding to each of the virtual nodes of the virtual network, wherein each of the virtual nodes includes a predetermined network function being capable of providing a first packet operation to the packet, wherein the instruction includes that the physical node provides a second packet operation to the packet so as to emulate the first packet operation.

The present invention provides a path computation method, a Path Computation Element (PCE), a node device, and a network system. The method includes: receiving a path computation request message (S201), where the path computation request message carries a network type identifier and traffic parameter constraint conditions of a path required to be computed, and the network type identifier indicates a type of a network where the path required to be computed locates; determining the network through the network type identifier, and computing the path in the network according to the traffic parameter constraint conditions (S202); and sending a path computation response message (S203), where the path computation response message carries the computed path. The problem of distinguishing and computing Traffic Engineer (TE) paths for various types of services in a multi-region convergence network is solved.

A gateway utilizes a proxy Internet Protocol (“IP”) addressing scheme to communicate with disparate network service providers. A first IP address prefix may be received from an alternative service provider in communication with the gateway. The gateway may assign a proxy IP address from the first IP address prefix for computing devices in communication with the gateway. A second IP address prefix may be received from a master service provider in communication with the gateway. The computing devices may be provisioned with an actual IP address assigned from the second IP address prefix. The gateway may then route data traffic utilizing the assigned proxy IP address between the alternative service provider and the computing devices utilizing the actual assigned proxy IP address. The gateway may further route data traffic utilizing the actual assigned IP address between the master service provider and the computing devices utilizing the actual assigned IP address.

A network device may make a determination that a first backhaul connection, which serves a first base station, is congested and that a second backhaul connection, which serves a second base station, is not congested. This determination may be made based on a first periodic data cap imposed on the first backhaul connection, a traffic load on the first backhaul connection, a second periodic data cap imposed on the second backhaul connection, and a traffic load on the second backhaul connection. In response to the determination, the network device may configure a value of a cellular communication parameter utilized by one or both of the base stations. The configuration may comprise periodic adjustments of the value of the cellular communication parameter. The periodic adjustments may cause one or more mobile devices to be handed-over between the first base station and the second base station.

Methods and apparatus relating to routing and caching systems for reducing traffic and the bandwidth used by decentralized peer-to-peer (P2P) file sharing networks is described. The peer-to-peer network operates over an underlying network including first and second network portions. The method includes routing a peer-to-peer message in one of said network portions with an intended destination in the other of said network portions to a gateway between peer-to-peer modes residing on said first and second network portions. The method further includes controlling transport of said message at said gateway to limit propagation of said message into said other of said network portions.

This disclosure is directed to an apparatus for intelligent matching of disparate input signals received from disparate input signal systems in a complex computing network for establishing targeted communication to a computing device associated with the intelligently matched disparate input signals.

Systems and methods for communication. A network abstraction layer (NAL) is built on a public Internet; and a network virtualization layer (NVL) is built on the NAL.

In an example, a server architecture is described for a dynamic cascaded node chain providing a resource cluster. The cascaded node chain may include one or more resource instances provisioned as a head node, zero or more middle nodes, and a tail node. Each node may include a discrete number of available resource entries in a flow table. As traffic enters the head node, each node attempts to match the traffic to an entry in its flow table. If no match is found, the packet is downlinked to the next node in the chain. If the packet reaches the tail node without a match, it is punted to the controller. The controller may then provision a matching entry if an entry is available. If not, the controller may spawn a new resource instance. When the full capacity of the cluster is reached, non-matching entries may be dropped.

A method and system for managing traffic in a network. For each label switch path of at least two logical switch paths, logical paths are identified. Each label switch path begins at a first provider edge and ends at a second provider edge. Most recent data received from the first provider edge is transmitted to the second provider edge via a selected logical path.

The present invention relates to a mobile terminal and a method for controlling the same, the mobile terminal including a location information module configured to acquire location information related to the mobile terminal based on one of a first positioning method that is configured to detect access points (APs) adjacent to the mobile terminal, receive location information related to the detected APs, and acquire the location information on the mobile terminal based on the received location information related to the APs, and a second positioning method that is configured to receive location information related to the detected APs and other APs located within a predetermined area where the detected APs are located, and acquire the location information on the mobile terminal based on the received location information related to the APs, a communication unit configured to perform wireless communication with a first positioning server providing first AP information including the location information related to the detected APs or a second positioning server providing second AP information including the location information related to the detected APs and the other APs located within the predetermined area where the detected APs are located, a memory configured to store the first AP information or the second AP information, and a controller configured to perform a process of acquiring the location information on the mobile terminal according to the second positioning method for a preset time when the APs located adjacent to the mobile terminal are detected, and acquire the location information on the mobile terminal according to the first positioning method when the location information on the mobile terminal is not acquired for the preset time.