A method for manufacturing a display apparatus according to an embodiment includes: preparing a carrier substrate and forming a sacrificial layer on a top surface of the carrier substrate, where the sacrificial layer includes a cover area and an exposure area located on at least one side of the cover area; forming a first flexible material having a bottom surface in contact with the sacrificial layer on a top surface of the cover area of the sacrificial layer to expose the exposure area of the sacrificial layer; and removing the exposure area of the sacrificial layer.

A display substrate (910), including a flexible substrate body, a thickness adjustment layer (71), and a micro-lens layer (72). The flexible substrate body includes: a plurality of island-shaped display regions (100) spaced apart from each other, a hollow region (300) disposed between adjacent island-shaped display regions (100), and a connection region (200) for connecting the adjacent island-shaped display regions (100). The thickness adjustment layer (71) is disposed on light exit sides of the plurality of island-shaped display regions (100) of the flexible substrate body. The micro-lens layer (72) is disposed on the side of the thickness adjustment layer (71) away from the flexible substrate body.

A display apparatus includes: a substrate including a first area and a second area; and a display element layer including a first display element and a second display element. The first display element includes a first electrode having a first thickness and is located in the first area, and the second display element includes a second electrode having a second thickness, which is less than the first thickness, and is located in the second area. The second display element is provided in plural, and one of the plurality of second display elements and another one of the plurality of second display elements are electrically connected to each other.

According to one embodiment, an electronic device includes an insulating base including a strip-shaped portion having elasticity and an island-shaped portion connected to the strip-shaped portion, an organic insulating film disposed on the insulating base, an inorganic insulating film disposed on the organic insulating film, a wiring disposed between the strip-shaped portion and the organic insulating film, an electrical element disposed on the inorganic insulating film and electrically connected to the wiring, in the island-shaped portion, a barrier wall overlapping the island-shaped portion and the strip-shaped portion and surrounding the electrical element, and a sealing film covering the electrical element.

A mask including: a deposition pattern portion including a plurality of deposition holes that are configured to have deposition material pass therethrough; and a dummy pattern portion outside the deposition pattern portion, wherein the dummy pattern portion includes an auxetic structure having a negative Poisson's ratio.

An apparatus for manufacturing a display device includes a stage to support first and second members, and a pressurization portion spaced apart from the stage and to press the first or second member. The pressurization portion includes: a contact portion facing the stage and to contact the first or second member; a first force application unit connected to the contact portion and to linearly move the contact portion; and a second force application unit connected to the contact portion and spaced apart from the first force application unit. The second force application unit linearly moves the contact portion in a portion of the contact portion that is different from the portion contacted by the first force application unit. At least one of the first and second force application units is configured to operate according to a force applied by the contact portion to one of the first and second members.

A display apparatus capable of performing image capturing with high sensitivity is provided. The display apparatus includes a light-emitting element including a light-emitting layer, and a light-receiving element including a photoelectric conversion layer. A transflective electrode is provided over the light-emitting layer, and a transparent electrode is provided over the photoelectric conversion layer. With a structure where the transflective electrode does not overlap the photoelectric conversion layer, a reduction in light-receiving sensitivity of the light-receiving element can be prevented while a microcavity structure is used for the light-emitting element. Thus, the display apparatus can emit light with high color purity and perform image capturing with high sensitivity.

An etchant composition includes: an inorganic acid compound at 9.0 wt % to 9.9 wt %; an inorganic salt compound at 5.0 wt % to 10.0 wt %; an organic acid compound at 35 wt % to 45 wt %; a lactate-based compound at 10 wt % to 20 wt %; a nitrogen cyclic compound containing oxygen at 0.1 wt % to 1.0 wt %; and a remaining amount of water such that a total weight of the etchant composition is 100 wt %, wherein the inorganic acid compound is an etchant composition having an acid dissociation constant (pKa) value of −1.0 to −3.0.

A light-emitting material, including: a quantum dot represented by Formula 1; and Pb(SCN).sub.2, wherein a surface of the quantum dot is passivated by the Pb(SCN).sub.2, and wherein the light-emitting material has a stretching vibrational peak corresponding to a carbon-nitrogen triple bond in a range of about 2000 inverse centimeter to about 2100 inverse centimeter, as measured by infrared (IR) spectroscopy:

A.sup.1B.sup.1X.sup.1.sub.3  Formula 1

wherein, in Formula 1, A.sup.1 is at least one of a monovalent organic cation or a monovalent inorganic cation, B.sup.1 is Sn or Pb, and X.sup.1 is at least one halogen.

A display panel, a manufacturing method thereof, and a display device are provided. In the display panel, a first undercut structure and a second undercut structure are formed along a vertical direction of an overlappingly connecting hole of the first electrode layer and the auxiliary electrode layer. Therefore, an overlappingly connecting area between the first electrode layer and the auxiliary electrode layer can be enlarged. As such, the first electrode layer can be ensured to have high transparency and good conductivity, thereby solving an issue of IP drop of the first electrode. In addition, by using this undercut structure as well as using a metal line layer to overlappingly connect the first electrode layer with the auxiliary electrode layer, the overlappingly connecting area between the first electrode layer and the auxiliary electrode layer can be enlarged without reducing an aperture ratio of the display panel.