Various methods, systems, computer readable media, and graphical user interfaces (GUIs) are presented and described that enable a subject, doctor, or user to characterize or classify various types of cancer precisely. Additionally, described herein are methods, systems, computer readable media, and GUIs that enable more effective specification of treatment and improved outcomes for patients with identified types of cancer. Some embodiments of the methods, systems, computer readable media, and GUIs described herein comprise obtaining RNA expression data and/or whole exome sequencing (WES) data for a biological sample; determining a molecular-functional (MF) profile for a subject using the data; determining visual characteristics GUI elements using the data; generating a GUI personalized to the subject using the determined visual characteristics; and presenting the generated personalized GUI to a user.

Various methods, systems, computer readable media, and graphical user interfaces (GUIs) are presented and described that enable a subject, doctor, or user to characterize or classify various types of cancer precisely. Additionally, described herein are methods, systems, computer readable media, and GUIs that enable more effective specification of treatment and improved outcomes for patients with identified types of cancer. Some embodiments of the methods, systems, computer readable media, and GUIs described herein comprise obtaining RNA expression data and/or whole exome sequencing (WES) data for a biological sample; determining a molecular-functional (MF) profile using the data; determining sets of visual characteristics for GUI elements using the data; generating a personalized GUI using the determined visual characteristics; and presenting the generated personalized GUI to a user.

Techniques for identifying the subject as a member of one or more cohorts. The techniques include: obtaining sequencing data for a subject; accessing biomarker information indicating a distribution of values for each biomarker, across a respective group of people, in at least a reference subset of the plurality of biomarkers, each of the plurality of biomarkers being associated with at least one candidate therapy; determining, using the sequencing data and the biomarker information, a normalized score for each biomarker in at least a subject subset of the plurality of biomarkers to obtain a set of normalized biomarkers for the subject; identifying the subject as a member of one or more cohorts based on the set of normalized biomarker scores for the subject, wherein each of the one or more cohorts is associated with a positive or negative outcome of the at least one candidate therapy.

Techniques for determining predicted response of a subject to multiple therapies using the subject's sequencing data. The techniques include accessing biomarker information indicating a distribution of values for each biomarker in at least a reference subset of a plurality of biomarkers across a respective group of people, each of the plurality of biomarkers being associated with at least one therapy in a plurality of therapies; determining, using the sequencing data and the biomarker information, a normalized score for each biomarker in at least a subject subset of the plurality of biomarkers to obtain a set of normalized biomarker scores for the subject; and determining, using the set of normalized biomarker scores for the subject, therapy scores for the plurality of therapies, each of the therapy scores indicative of predicted response of the subject to administration of a respective therapy in the plurality of therapies.

The present disclosure provides methods of determining metabolic maps and identifying presence of and estimating abundances of microbiome metabolic pathways in an individual toward customized microbial therapy. In an aspect, the present disclosure provides a method of determining an abundance of a metabolic pathway from a sample comprising a population of a plurality of different organisms.

Embodiments include a system for determining cardiovascular information for a patient. The system may include at least one computer system configured to receive patient-specific data regarding a geometry of the patient's heart, and create a three-dimensional model representing at least a portion of the patient's heart based on the patient-specific data. The at least one computer system may be further configured to create a physics-based model relating to a blood flow characteristic of the patient's heart and determine a fractional flow reserve within the patient's heart based on the three-dimensional model and the physics-based model.

Disclosed is a computer-based method for designing a set of primers to be used for an amplification reaction of a sequence of a target nucleic acid, comprising: a) providing a target nucleic acid sequence; b) providing the conditions of the amplification reaction of the target nucleic acid sequence and design criteria of the primers; c) manually selecting a candidate primer; d) subjecting the primer to a hybridization algorithm; e) subjecting the candidate primer to a folding algorithm to predict the conformation of the most stable structure of the hairpin of the candidate primer and calculate the ?G, ?H and ?S values thereof; f) comparing said values obtained from the hybridization and folding algorithms with the design criteria; g) if the result of said comparison is acceptable, repeating steps b)-e) with another candidate primer until a set of primers is obtained, otherwise h) changing the selection of the candidate primer.

Provided herein are methods and systems for producing a modified biological dataset by flagging or removing a nucleic acid sequence from the biological dataset that is assigned a noise-call to produce the modified biological dataset. The noise-call may be based on comparing a gene expression level, sequence information, or a combination thereof with a nucleic acid sequence of a control sample.

In a first aspect, a system for playing a video game is provided that includes (1) one or more sensors adapted to monitor one or more biometric parameters of a user and communicate the one or more monitored biometric parameters (MBPs); (2) a computing device adapted to communicate with the one or more sensors and to receive the one or more communicated MBPs; and (3) a video game having an avatar adapted to move an object on an incline, the video game adapted to execute on the computing device. The video game is adapted to control the avatar to perform an action in the video game based in part on the received one or more communicated MBPs. Numerous other aspects are provided.

Some embodiments of the methods provided herein relate to sample analysis and particle characterization methods for large, multi-parameter data sets. Frequency difference gating compares at least two different data sets to identify regions in a multivariate space where a frequency of events from a first data set is different than a frequency of events from the second data set according to a defined threshold.