A photovoltaic module incorporates a lamination including a back-sheet, an array of solar cells supported on the back-sheet, and a transparent protective covering over the array of solar cells. The solar cells are arranged in offset or staggered patterns on the back-sheet to present a more random and less rigid industrial appearance to an observer. In some cases, cleaved solar cell segments are arranged into groups that are staggered on the back-sheet. This allows for finer control of the net voltage produced by a module. In other embodiments, full single wafer solar cells are arranged into larger groups, which themselves are staggered on the back-sheet. In either case, the result is a photovoltaic module with an appearance that is more organic and acceptable to homeowners and architects than traditional modules having cells arranged in rigid aligned rows and columns.

The present invention discloses a method for preparing a small-width linear structure on the upper surface of a target layer of a layer stack and application thereof. The method includes the steps of: acquiring the preset positions of both sides of the linear structure on the upper surface of the target layer, which are denoted as a first side position and a second side position; forming a protruding line at at least one side position by producing a plurality of protrusions at intervals along the side length direction at at least one of the first side position and the second side position of the upper surface of the target layer; and applying a liquid-type linear structure material to one side of the protruding line for deposition to obtain a linear structure confined to one side of the protruding line.

The bypass diode of each monolithic cell is formed on a substrate in the form of a thin film, and adopts a structure similar to that of the monolithic cell; each monolithic cell and the corresponding bypass diode share the same substrate; a layer treatment method for the thin film in a bypass diode region on the substrate is different from that for a cell region, and a compound material or layer sequence adopted as the layer of the thin film in the bypass diode region on the substrate is different from that in the cell region, so as to decrease a threshold voltage of the bypass diode.

The bypass diode of each monolithic cell is formed on a substrate in the form of a thin film, and adopts a structure similar to that of the monolithic cell; each monolithic cell and the corresponding bypass diode share the same substrate; a layer treatment method for the thin film in a bypass diode region on the substrate is different from that for a cell region, and a compound material or layer sequence adopted as the layer of the thin film in the bypass diode region on the substrate is different from that in the cell region, so as to decrease a threshold voltage of the bypass diode.

At least some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a back sheet of a photovoltaic module, a photovoltaic modules and a manufacturing method thereof. The photovoltaic module includes: a plurality of battery cells arranged in an array and configured to receive light and generate power; and a thermally conductive layer in a mesh shape, including a skeleton section and a hollow section surrounded by the skeleton section. In the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module, at least a part of the skeleton section overlaps with a gap between adjacent battery cells, and the hollow section overlaps with the battery cell. The photovoltaic module can conduct the heat at the hot spot of the photovoltaic module in time while ensuring the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module, thus improving the stability of the photovoltaic module.

At least some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a back sheet of a photovoltaic module, a photovoltaic modules and a manufacturing method thereof. The photovoltaic module includes: a plurality of battery cells arranged in an array and configured to receive light and generate power; and a thermally conductive layer in a mesh shape, including a skeleton section and a hollow section surrounded by the skeleton section. In the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module, at least a part of the skeleton section overlaps with a gap between adjacent battery cells, and the hollow section overlaps with the battery cell. The photovoltaic module can conduct the heat at the hot spot of the photovoltaic module in time while ensuring the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module, thus improving the stability of the photovoltaic module.

A solar cell module comprising MN solar cell submodules arranged in a two-dimensional manner in M rows and N columns (where M is an integer equal to or greater than 2 and N is an integer equal to or greater than 1). Each of the solar cell submodules includes thin-film solar cells divided in an X direction and extending in a Y direction intersecting the X direction, and connected in series and integrated; and extraction electrodes at X-direction-side ends and extending in the Y direction. In the solar cell submodules in an nth column (where n is an integer of 1-N), the solar cell submodules in the first to Mth rows are connected in parallel, and the Y-direction size of the solar cell submodule in the Mth row is less than the Y-direction size of the solar cell submodules in rows other than the Mth row.

A solar cell module comprising MN solar cell submodules arranged in a two-dimensional manner in M rows and N columns (where M is an integer equal to or greater than 2 and N is an integer equal to or greater than 1). Each of the solar cell submodules includes thin-film solar cells divided in an X direction and extending in a Y direction intersecting the X direction, and connected in series and integrated; and extraction electrodes at X-direction-side ends and extending in the Y direction. In the solar cell submodules in an nth column (where n is an integer of 1-N), the solar cell submodules in the first to Mth rows are connected in parallel, and the Y-direction size of the solar cell submodule in the Mth row is less than the Y-direction size of the solar cell submodules in rows other than the Mth row.

The bypass diode of each monolithic cell is formed on a substrate in the form of a thin film, and adopts a structure similar to that of the monolithic cell; each monolithic cell and the corresponding bypass diode share the same substrate; a layer treatment method for the thin film in a bypass diode region on the substrate is different from that for a cell region, and a compound material or layer sequence adopted as the layer of the thin film in the bypass diode region on the substrate is different from that in the cell region, so as to decrease a threshold voltage of the bypass diode.

The bypass diode of each monolithic cell is formed on a substrate in the form of a thin film, and adopts a structure similar to that of the monolithic cell; each monolithic cell and the corresponding bypass diode share the same substrate; a layer treatment method for the thin film in a bypass diode region on the substrate is different from that for a cell region, and a compound material or layer sequence adopted as the layer of the thin film in the bypass diode region on the substrate is different from that in the cell region, so as to decrease a threshold voltage of the bypass diode.