Provided is a solar cell. The solar cell may include a semiconductor layer and a passivation film stack provided on a back surface of the semiconductor layer. The passivation film stack may include a first passivation layer provided on the back surface of the semiconductor layer and including a silicon-rich layer with a silicon atom concentration ranging from 510.sup.21/cm.sup.3 to 2.510.sup.22/cm.sup.3; a second passivation layer provided on a surface of the first passivation layer and including an oxygen-rich and nitrogen-rich layer; and a third passivation layer provided on a surface of the second passivation layer and including at least one silicon nitride film with a gradient-varied refractive index. A first refractive index of the first passivation layer may be greater than a second refractive index of the second passivation layer and smaller than a third refractive index of the third passivation layer.

Provided are a microstructured optical film structure with a latitude position optimization function applicable to a solar light-collection module installed (operated) in a direction perpendicular (orthogonal) to sunlight or a direction perpendicular (orthogonal) to the ground and a method of using the light-collection film to collect sunlight or ambient light. The microstructured optical film structure includes a solar (PV) module. The module is applicable to various inorganic/organic photovoltaic chips/photoelectric sensors/modules thereof and includes optimized microstructured optical film layers capable of receiving different light rays incident at various angles from different latitude spaces.

Provided are an optical element and a concentrating photovoltaic device which are each capable of preventing warpage and deformation of an optical functional pattern formed in a surface thereof due to stress even in an environment with extreme temperature changes. An optical element (4) of a concentrating photovoltaic device (1) concentrating sunlight includes: a glass substrate (5) and a sheet-like molded body (6) which is made of an organic resin and includes a Fresnel lens pattern (6a) in a surface and has the other surface bonded to the glass substrate (5). The sheet-like molded body (6) has a tensile elastic modulus of 1500 MPa or less, a linear expansion coefficient of 7.010.sup.5/ C. or less, an average transmittance of 85% or more in a wavelength range from 350 to 1850 nm at a thickness of 400 m, and a haze value of 1.0% or less.

A radiant energy transfer panel is resized from an array of individually sealed segments by cutting the array along a cut line, thereby damaging some segments by breaking their seals. Other segments adjacent to the damaged segments are left intact. Each segment has two electrodes for power connection. Electrodes of the damaged segments remain electrically connected to electrodes of undamaged segments after cutting. An edge member may be positioned to overlap damaged segments and redirect light from undamaged segments to compensate for the damaged segments. In alternative embodiments, the edge member may be light-blocking. The radiant energy transfer panel may be an electroluminescent panel or a photovoltaic panel.

Disclosed are a solar cell and a method for fabricating the same. The solar cell according to the embodiment includes a back electrode layer on a support substrate; a light absorbing layer including a glass frit having sodium on the back electrode layer; and a front electrode layer on the light absorbing layer.

A transparent photovoltaic cell is proposed. The transparent photovoltaic cell may include a transparent substrate, a plurality of micro-pillars arranged on an upper part of the transparent substrate and formed with respective transparent windows, through which incident sunlight transmits, on respective upper parts thereof. The transparent photovoltaic cell may also include a photoelectric converter formed on an upper surface of the transparent substrate between each of the plurality of micro-pillars and on side surfaces of each micro-pillar, and configured to generate power through absorption of incident sunlight.

A light splitting optical module that converts incident light into electrical energy, the module including a solid optical element comprising an input end for receiving light, a first side, and a second side spaced from the first side, a first solar cell adjacent to the first side of the solid optical element, and a second solar cell adjacent to the second side of the solid optical element. The first solar cell is positioned to absorb a first subset of incident light and reflect a first remainder of the incident light to the second solar cell through the solid optical element, wherein the first solar cell has a lower band gap than the second cell.

Material and antireflection structure designs and methods of manufacturing are provided that produce efficient photovoltaic power conversion from single- and multi-junction devices. Materials of different energy gap are combined in the depletion region of at least one of the semiconductor junctions. Higher energy gap layers are positioned to reduce the diode dark current and enhance the operating voltage by suppressing both carrier injections across the junction and recombination rates within the junction. Step-graded antireflection structures are placed above the active region of the device in order to increase the photocurrent.

A solar glass assembly configured to generate energy and including a framing assembly having a plurality of framing elements enclosing a cavity, an upper frame surface, and a lower frame surface opposing the upper frame surface, an upper transparent glass layer coupled to the upper frame surface, defining a plurality of enclosed lens apertures with a plurality of magnifying lenses disposed therein and a lower glass layer coupled to the framing assembly and opposing the upper transparent glass layer, and a plurality of honeycomb lattice structures each housed within the cavity, of an electrically and thermally conductive material, interposed between the upper transparent glass layer and the lower glass layer, electrically coupled to a diode, and housing a semiconductor material within a cavity therein, directly coupled thereto, and disposed underneath one of the plurality of magnifying lenses to focus incoming solar light to the semiconductor material.

Apparatus, methods and systems of wireless power distribution are disclosed. Embodiments involve the redirection of collimated energy to a converter, which stores or converts the energy into a more suitable form of energy for at least one specific point-of-use that is coupled to the converter.