A method for producing burnt end products from an educt (starting raw materials) of carbonate-containing materials involves preheating the educt using heat recovered from the reaction. The educt and a fluidizing medium including steam are input into a first reaction zone. Heat is transferred to the first reaction zone using mechanical components so as to heat the first reaction zone to a predetermined temperature range for a predetermined time period. The educt is burned in the first reaction zone over the predetermined time period during which the first reaction zone is maintained within the predetermined temperature range. The hot gases that form in the first reaction zone include CO.sub.2 and steam. Hot end product is discharged from the first reaction zone after the predetermined time period elapses. Heat contained in the hot gases and end product that are discharged from the first reaction zone is used to preheat the educt.

A method for producing burnt end products from an educt (starting raw materials) of carbonate-containing materials involves preheating the educt using heat recovered from the reaction. The educt and a fluidizing medium including steam are input into a first reaction zone. Heat is transferred to the first reaction zone using mechanical components so as to heat the first reaction zone to a predetermined temperature range for a predetermined time period. The educt is burned in the first reaction zone over the predetermined time period during which the first reaction zone is maintained within the predetermined temperature range. The hot gases that form in the first reaction zone include CO.sub.2 and steam. Hot end product is discharged from the first reaction zone after the predetermined time period elapses. Heat contained in the hot gases and end product that are discharged from the first reaction zone is used to preheat the educt.

A system for crosslinking a continuous mat of mineral and/or plant fibers, includes a crosslinking oven for the mat including at least one heating box, each heating box being connected to a combustion chamber. The crosslinking system further includes an injection system arranged outside the crosslinking oven and configured to inject hot air into at least one combustion chamber of a heating box, the hot air thus injected replacing a given fraction of hot air produced by a burner attached to said at least one combustion chamber, the fraction being between 20% and 100%.

A system for crosslinking a continuous mat of mineral and/or plant fibers, includes a crosslinking oven for the mat including at least one heating box, each heating box being connected to a combustion chamber. The crosslinking system further includes an injection system arranged outside the crosslinking oven and configured to inject hot air into at least one combustion chamber of a heating box, the hot air thus injected replacing a given fraction of hot air produced by a burner attached to said at least one combustion chamber, the fraction being between 20% and 100%.

A carbon baking furnace has at least one vertical baking shaft with a system and method for positioning green carbon bodies to be baked at the top of the vertical baking path and ringing the green carbon bodies with a sacrificial medium such as packing coke. The disclosure provides a system and method for controlling the delivery and removal of the sacrificial medium used to surround the carbon bodies within the baking paths. A volatile extraction system and method are provided. A system and method for unloading baked carbon bodies is disclosed.

A carbon baking furnace has at least one vertical baking shaft with a system and method for positioning green carbon bodies to be baked at the top of the vertical baking path and ringing the green carbon bodies with a sacrificial medium such as packing coke. The disclosure provides a system and method for controlling the delivery and removal of the sacrificial medium used to surround the carbon bodies within the baking paths. A volatile extraction system and method are provided. A system and method for unloading baked carbon bodies is disclosed.

Systems and processes for external combustion air preheating for providing preheated combustion air to a furnace. The furnace systems convective heating section includes multiple heating coils for waste heat recovery. The heating coils may be used for preheating a feed (feed preheat coils), heating a boiler feed water, superheating steam, or heating or superheating a feed stream prior to the feed being fed to the radiant coil. The waste heat in the combustion gas is also used to heat a heat transfer fluid, which may be used to pre-heat combustion air or for other purposes within the plant.

Systems and processes for external combustion air preheating for providing preheated combustion air to a furnace. The furnace systems convective heating section includes multiple heating coils for waste heat recovery. The heating coils may be used for preheating a feed (feed preheat coils), heating a boiler feed water, superheating steam, or heating or superheating a feed stream prior to the feed being fed to the radiant coil. The waste heat in the combustion gas is also used to heat a heat transfer fluid, which may be used to pre-heat combustion air or for other purposes within the plant.

A method of producing cement clinker and a second calcined material, wherein the cement clinker is produced in a first production line and the second calcined material is produced from a raw material in a second production line by carrying out the following procedures e) optionally drying the raw material in a dryer, g) calcining the optionally dried raw material in a rotary kiln to obtain the second calcined material, wherein the sensible heat of a hot gas in the first production line is used as a heat source in the calcining step g) for calcining the raw material, and wherein the rotary kiln exhaust gas coming from the calcining step g) is introduced into the first production line for the secondary combustion of the rotary kiln exhaust gas.

A method of producing cement clinker and a second calcined material, wherein the cement clinker is produced in a first production line and the second calcined material is produced from a raw material in a second production line by carrying out the following procedures e) optionally drying the raw material in a dryer, g) calcining the optionally dried raw material in a rotary kiln to obtain the second calcined material, wherein the sensible heat of a hot gas in the first production line is used as a heat source in the calcining step g) for calcining the raw material, and wherein the rotary kiln exhaust gas coming from the calcining step g) is introduced into the first production line for the secondary combustion of the rotary kiln exhaust gas.