Disclosed herein are system, method, and computer program product embodiments for representing a forwarding information base (FIB) in a database. An embodiment operates by organizing forwarding entries of the FIB in a trie data structure. The embodiment determines that a first routing prefix of a first forwarding entry in the trie data structure is a less specific routing prefix than a second routing prefix in a second forwarding entry in the trie data structure based on the first forwarding entry being a parent of the second forwarding entry. The embodiment determines that a first next hop of the first routing prefix is equal to a second next hop of the second routing prefix. The embodiment removes the second forwarding entry from the trie data structure. The embodiment then inserts the first forwarding entry into the database based on a prefix length of the first routing prefix.

A system and method for multicast delivery of messages using a configurable directional 2D router for Networks on Chips (NOCs) is disclosed. The router is well suited for implementation in programmable logic in FPGAs and achieves theoretical lower bounds on FPGA resource consumption. A NOC comprising a plurality of routers may be configured as a directional 2D torus, or in diverse ways, network sizes and topologies, data widths, routing functions, performance-energy tradeoffs, and other options. The NOC may transmit a unicast message from one source client core to one destination client core, or a multicast message from one source client core to a plurality of destination client cores, or an arbitrary mix of unicast and multicast messages, simultaneously. A multicast message destination may include all client cores of routers with a particular first or second dimension coordinate, or all client cores, or some arbitrary subsets of client cores.

Systems, methods, and computer-readable media for managing service calls over a network may include a signal routing engine with a maintained forwarding table for various network functions and micro-services in a services back end for the network. The signal routing engine can include a call conversion service for converting REST API calls to an internal network call protocol for increasing network function processing speeds, decreasing bandwidth usage, and improving network responsiveness and manageability.

Provided is a machine-implemented method of operating a device, comprising entering the device into a membership relation with a first self-organizing subnet at a first rank in a hierarchy of subnets of the network; receiving at the device a message from a second device making known parameters of a second subnet at a second rank in the hierarchy of subnets of the network; and responsive to receipt of the message, sending a message from the first device making known parameters of the first subnet at the first rank to the second device to render the subnet at the second rank operable to merge with the subnet at the first rank.

At a networking device, a method includes obtaining, according to a predefined protocol, a first plurality of attestation vectors from a corresponding plurality of candidate next-hop nodes. Each of the plurality of candidate next-hop nodes is included within a respective route between a particular node and a destination node. The method further includes determining a plurality of confidence scores. Each of the plurality of confidence scores is based on a comparison between a corresponding one of the first plurality of attestation vectors and a trusted image vector. The method further includes selecting, from the plurality of confidence scores, a particular confidence score that satisfies one or more selection criteria. Each of the particular confidence score is associated with a particular candidate next-hop node of the plurality of candidate next-hop nodes. The method further includes directing, to the particular candidate next-hop node, a data packet destined for the destination node.

A physical network element is provided which is configured to operate as a plurality of separated routing entities, each functioning independently of the others, wherein the physical network element is characterized in that: a) each of the plurality of routing entities is provided with its own control, management and data planes, as well as with a dedicated routing information base table and a forwarding information base table; and b) all of the plurality of routing entities are configured to operate while sharing at least one member of a group that consists of: (i) one or more packet processors comprised in the physical network element; (ii) one or more central processing units (CPUs) comprised in the physical network element; (iii) one or more fabrics comprised in the physical network element; and (iv) one or more network interfaces comprised in the physical network element.

A packet processing method, a device, and a system are disclosed. In the method, a first provider edge (PE) device receives a first virtual extensible local area network (VXLAN) packet through a first point-to-point (P2P) VXLAN tunnel between the first PE device and a third PE device A customer edge (CE) device is dual-homed to the first PE device and a second PE device respectively through a first Ethernet link and a second Ethernet link. The first PE device forwards the first VXLAN packet to the second PE device through a third P2P VXLAN tunnel from the first PE device to the second PE device when there is a fault on the first Ethernet link. The first Ethernet link connected to the first PE device and a link formed by the third P2P VXLAN tunnel and the second Ethernet link have a primary/secondary relationship.

An optical cable router is disclosed. The optical cable router is to couple to rocker-arm plenums of a modular computing system. The optical cable router includes a crossbar that includes an optical cable cavity. The optical cable cavity has a plurality of optical cables and an access panel. The optical cable router further includes optical connectors, each of which is coupled to a respective optical cable of the plurality of optical cables. Each optical connector is also coupled to a respective optical connector of a respective modular computing device retained in the modular computing system.

Methods for improving end-to-end congestion reaction using adaptive routing and congestion-hint based throttling for IP-routed datacenter networks and associated apparatus. In connection with forwarding packets between sending and receiving endpoints coupled to one or more networks, one or more network switches are configured to detect current or approaching congestion conditions, generate congestion notification packets (CNPs), and return the CNPs to sending endpoints. The CNPs may be routed using one or more adaptive routing mechanisms to forward the CNPs along non-congested paths or may be forwarded along a fastest path to a sender. The CNPs further may comprise meta-data including a flow identifier associated with a packet sent from an endpoint, a congestion level for the flow, and a timestamp. CNPs may comprise unreliable datagrams that may be received out-of-order, with the timestamps being used to determine whether CNPs should be disregarded at a switch along the forwarding path to the sending endpoint or at the sending endpoint. Endpoint network interfaces implement a congestion-CNP table storing entries associating congested flows with congestion levels.

The embodiments described herein provide a data transmission system comprising a plurality of video routers, a supervisory system for transmitting one or more router configuration signals to one or more video routers, and a control communication network for coupling the plurality of video routers and the supervisory system. Each router in the system comprises a backplane including a plurality of backplane connections, at least one line card and at least one fabric card. Each line card comprises a plurality of input ports and output ports where each input and output port is coupled to a respective external signal through the backplane. Each line card further comprises a line card cross-point switch having a plurality of input switch terminals and a plurality of output switch terminals. Each fabric card comprises a fabric card cross-point switch having a plurality of input switch terminal and a plurality of output switch terminals. Furthermore, each line card and each fabric card comprises a card controller where the card controller selectively couples one or more input switch terminals of a cross-point switch to the output switch terminals of that cross-point switch. The cross-point switches being manipulated by the card controller may belong to one or more different cards within the same video router.