The present invention relates to Salmonella mutant strains and their use as a vaccine for preventing Salmonella infection, in particular in eggs.

The invention relates to a multivalent Shigella/Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli vaccine for use in prophylaxis and treatment of diarrheal disease. The Shigella-ETEC vaccine provides increased coverage of a broader range of ETEC and Shigella isolates than prior vaccines, and includes CS14 antigens and serotypes (S. flexneri 7a, or S. flexneri 1b).

Provided are methods for rapidly inactivating a pathogen, or for producing a vaccine composition containing an inactivated noninfectious pathogen having retained antigenicity and/or immunogenicity, comprising exposing the pathogen to a chemical inactivating agent (e.g., one or more chemical oxidizing, alkylating or crosslinking agents) in the presence of inorganic polyatomic oxyanions in an amount and for a time sufficient to render the pathogen noninfectious while enhancing retention of pathogen antigenicity and/or immunogenicity relative to that retained by contacting the pathogen with the chemical inactivating agent alone. The methods are broadly applicable to pathogens having RNA or DNA genomes (e.g., including viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites). Also provided are vaccine compositions (medicaments) containing a pathogen inactivated by exposure to an inactivating agent in the presence of elevated concentrations of inorganic polyatomic oxyanions, and methods for eliciting an immune response in a subject by administering the vaccine compositions.

The present disclosure relates to nanoparticle compositions for use as vaccines against Salmonella. Disclosed herein is a composition comprising: a Salmonella enteritidis outer membrane protein (OMP) or Salmonella enteritidis killed whole antigenic extracted (KAg) protein; and a polyanhydride or chitosan nanoparticle. In some embodiments, the nanoparticle further comprises flagellar protein. Disclosed herein is a vaccine comprising: a composition comprising a Salmonella enteritidis OMP protein or Salmonella enteritidis killed whole antigenic extracted (KAg) protein; a polyanhydride or chitosan nanoparticle; and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

The present invention is directed to a bioconjugate vaccine, such as an O 1-bioconjugate vaccine, comprising: a protein carrier comprising a protein carrier containing at least one consensus sequence, DIE-X-N-Z-S/T, wherein X and Z may be any natural amino acid except proline; at least one antigenic polysaccharide from at least one pathogenic bacterium, linked to the protein carrier; and, optionally, an adjuvant. In another aspect, the present invention is directed to a method of producing an O 1-bioconjugate in a bioreactor comprising a number steps.

The present invention provides combination vaccines that comprise an immunological agent effective for reducing the incidence of or lessening the severity of PPE caused by L. intracellularis, and one or more immunological active components effective in treatment and/or prophylaxis of at least one further disease-causing organism for swine. Moreover, the present invention also relates to a kit that comprises an immunological agent effective for reducing the incidence of or lessening the severity of PPE caused by L. intracellularis, and one or more immunological active components effective in treatment and/or prophylaxis of at least one further disease-causing organism for swine.

Provided are delivery immunostimulatory bacteria that have enhanced colonization of tumors, the tumor microenvironment and/or tumor-resident immune cells, and enhanced anti-tumor activity. The immunostimulatory bacteria are modified by deletion of genes encoding the flagella, or by modification of the genes so that functional flagella are not produced, and/or are modified by deletion of pagP or modification of pagP to produce inactive PagP product. As a result, the immunostimulatory bacteria are flagellin.sup. and/or pagP.sup.. The immunostimulatory bacteria optionally have additional genomic modifications so that the bacteria are adenosine or purine auxotrophs. The bacteria optionally are one or more of asd.sup., purI.sup., and msbB.sup.. The immunostimulatory bacteria, such as Salmonella species, are modified to encode immunostimulatory proteins that confer anti-tumor activity in the tumor microenvironment, and/or are modified so that the bacteria preferentially infect immune cells in the tumor microenvironment, or tumor-resident immune cells, and/or are modified to induce less cell death in immune cells than in other cells. Also provided are methods of inhibiting the growth or reducing the volume of a solid tumor by administering the immunostimulatory bacteria.

Disclosed are methods and compositions related to the use cannabinoids as adjuvants for the accelerated induction and production of an antibody based immune response.

For the first time individual (free from impurities of penta- and hexa-acetylated derivatives) di-, tri- and tetra-acetylated S-LPS of endotoxic bacteria and combinations thereof were obtained and their immunobiological, physical-chemical and chemical-pharmaceutical properties were studied. For the first time the principal possibility of their clinical application was directly demonstrated as vaccines and pharmaceutical compositions containing the modified S-LPS individual as monocomponent or combinations thereof as two and three component active substance, respectively. The modified S-LPS and combinations thereof have high safety profile and provide low pyrogenicity and high immunogenicity. Developed on their basis vaccines and pharmaceutical compositions demonstrate anti-shock activity, high efficiency and specificity, broad-spectrum action and also good chemical-pharmaceutical parameters.

The use of flagellin and flagellin related polypeptide for the protection of mammals from the effects of apoptosis is described.