Electrolytic liquid generating device (1) includes laminated body (41) in which conductive film (46) is laminated to be interposed between mutually adjacent electrodes (44, 45), and electrolytic part (40) which electrolyzes liquid. Furthermore, electrolytic liquid generating device (1) includes a passage having inflow port (71) in which liquid to be provided to electrolytic part (40) flows and outflow port (72) from which electrolytic liquid generated in electrolytic part (40) flows out. The passage is formed such that liquid flowing direction (X) crosses laminated direction (Z) of laminated body (41).

Electrode-supported tubular solid-oxide electrochemical cells suitable for use in electrochemical chemical synthesis and processes for manufacturing such are provided.

Disclosed is an ion exchange membrane electrolytic cell, comprising an anode chamber and a cathode chamber; a gas-liquid separation chamber is arranged in the anode chamber and/or the cathode chamber; the gas-liquid separation chamber is partially located inside the anode chamber and/or the cathode chamber; a first portion of the gas-liquid separation chamber, which is configured to accommodate liquid, is arranged inside the anode chamber and/or the cathode chamber; and a second portion of the gas-liquid separation chamber, which is configured to accommodate gas, is disposed outside of the anode chamber and/or the cathode chamber. The ion exchange membrane electrolytic cell is provided with the gas-liquid separation chamber partially located inside the anode chamber and/or the cathode chamber, thereby improving the yield of the ion exchange membrane electrolytic cell. On the other hand, the products of electrolysis can be drained rapidly.

An electrochemical reaction device in an embodiment includes: a reaction vessel including a first accommodating part to accommodate a first electrolytic solution containing carbon dioxide, and a second accommodating part to accommodate a second electrolytic solution containing water; a reduction electrode disposed in the first accommodating part; an oxidation electrode disposed in the second accommodating part; a power supply electrode connected to the reduction electrode and the oxidation electrode; and a third accommodating part to mix a first gas component produced in the first accommodating part with the first electrolytic solution after the first gas component is produced.

Disclosed is an electrochemical reaction cell enhancing a reduction reaction. The electrochemical reaction cell enhancing a reduction reaction comprises: a membrane electrode assembly including a polymer electrolytic membrane, a cathode formed by sequentially stacking a first gas diffusion layer and a first catalyst layer on one surface of the electrolytic membrane, and an anode formed by sequentially stacking a second catalyst layer and a second gas diffusion layer on the other surface of the electrolytic membrane; a first distribution plate stacked on the first catalyst layer to supply a reaction gas and a cathode electrolytic solution dissolved with the reaction gas to the first catalyst layer along separate channels; and a second distribution plate stacked on the second gas diffusion layer to supply an anode electrolytic solution to the second gas diffusion layer.

A flow-through electrolysis cell includes a hierarchical nanoporous metal cathode. A method of reducing CO.sub.2 includes flowing the CO.sub.2 through the hierarchical nanoporous metal cathode of the flow-through electrolysis cell.

An electrolyzed water processor chamber with an anodic chamber having an anode plate held in an anode tray, and a cathodic chamber having a cathode plate held within a cathode tray. The plates are charged by an electrical current, to separate an incoming water stream into its electromagnetically ionized alkaline and acidic components, across an ion exchange membrane sandwiched between the anode and cathode plate trays. The trays can include sets of ducts and cavities, so that when the trays are stacked together, with the cavities aligning to form plenums for the routing of water between the trays. The trays stack as modular units, so that any multiple of the anodic and cathodic tray pairs, with their plates and sandwiched membrane, can be stacked together and function as a combined processor chamber, with end caps mounted on the top-most and bottom-most plate trays.

A hydrogen gas generator comprises: an electrolyzer (2) configured to include a housing (20), a first chamber (21), a second chamber (22), a membrane (25), and a pair of electrode plates (23, 24); a tank (6) configured to store water to be electrolyzed (W); an electric power source (3) configured to apply a DC voltage to the pair of electrode plates; a diluter (4) configured to introduce a diluent gas into the first chamber or the second chamber in which the electrode plate to be a cathode is provided, the diluent gas diluting hydrogen gas generated; an electric quantity detector (51) configured to detect an electric quantity given to the electrode plate to be the cathode; a flow rate detector (52) configured to detect a flow rate of the diluent gas from the diluter; a calculator (5) configured to calculate a concentration of the diluted hydrogen gas on the basis of the electric quantity detected by the electric quantity detector and the flow rate detected by the flow rate detector; and an indicator (54) configured to present the concentration of hydrogen gas calculated by the calculator.

A syngas generation system that combines a solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) and a carbon gasification unit is described. On the cathode side of the SOEC, CO.sub.2 and H.sub.2O are electrochemically converted to syngas. At the anode side of the system, a second stream of syngas is produced through a carbon gasification process in which solid carbon is reacted with H.sub.2O/CO.sub.2. Oxygen ion transported across the SOEC electrolyte reacts at the anode with a portion of the syngas produced in the gasification process. This reaction product (H.sub.2O/CO.sub.2) can be fed back to the gasification unit.

The present disclosure relates to a method for separating sugars and acids with reduced energy consumption, including a step of diffusively dialyzing a first acid hydrolysate obtained by saccharifying biomass with an acid solution, thereby preparing a second acid hydrolysate wherein the concentration of the acid solution contained in the acid hydrolysate is decreased; and a step of electrolyzing the second acid hydrolysate, thereby separating sugars from the acid solution, which is advantageous in that less energy is consumed, the separated acid solution can be recycled directly without further treatment due to high concentration and loss of sugars can be minimized.