A module for an HTE reactor or an SOFC fuel cell, the module including a circuit for the circulation of a gas, in addition to the reactive gases required for the electrolysis reaction or the reverse reaction in an SOFC cell, the circuit enabling, during the operation under pressure, the additional gas to equalise, on one side of the glass- and/or vitroceramic-based seals, the pressure of the reactive gases generated on the other side.

A moisture-electrolyzing apparatus for a lamp, may include a first electrode, connected to an electrode of a power source and exposed to an internal space of a lamp housing; a second electrode, connected to another electrode of the power source and exposed to the internal space of the lamp housing, with a gap formed between the first electrode and the second electrode; a dielectric, applied to a surface of either the first electrode or the second electrode, the surface facing a remaining one of the first electrode or the second electrode; and an electric discharge passage, formed between the first electrode and the second electrode, in which air in the lamp circulates and in which moisture in the air is electrolyzed by electric discharge occurring between the first electrode and the second electrode.

A wear-resistant multi-layer retractable water pipe, comprising a retractable inner pipe; a one- or multi-layer retractable fabric sleeve; and a retractable wear-resistant protective layer, wherein the retractable inner pipe is nested in the fabric sleeve, and the fabric sleeve is nested in the retractable wear-resistant protective layer. The present disclosure has the following advantages: the pressure bearing capacity of the water pipe is improved; second, the fabric sleeve is not easily worn and scratched, and the service life of the water pipe is prolonged; even if the inner pipe is broken, the outermost wear-resistant protective layer has a certain pressure resistance, ensuring that the water pipe can continue to be used, the service life of the water pipe is prolonged; and, the outermost wear-resistant protective layer has a smooth surface and therefore is easy to clean.

An HHO gas stream for use in an internal combustion engine is heated by heat exchange from with an exhaust gas stream from the internal combustion engine.

Example apparatuses and systems are disclosed for providing controlled delivery of electrolysis treatment and cellular permeabilization treatment to a site in tissue. A system disclosed may include an electrode, a power supply, and a controller. The controller may control a charge applied to the electrode to induce a direct current through the aqueous matrix to produce electrolysis products and a voltage to produce electroporation. The duration and magnitude of the charge applied may determine the dose of the products and the degree of the permeabilization of cells in the treatment site. The composition of the electrodes may be chosen in accordance with the desired products produced and electroporation effects. An apparatus is disclosed that may be in the form of electrodes for electrolysis and electrodes for electroporation applied to the tissue. An apparatus is disclosed that may be used for treating internal tissue.

The present invention relates to an apparatus for manufacturing oxygen water or hydrogen water. The apparatus for manufacturing oxygen water or hydrogen water is configured such that oxygen or hydrogen generated from a device for generating oxygen and hydrogen by electrolyzing water is supplied to water using a fluid pump for manufacture of oxygen water or hydrogen water. The apparatus is configured to easily, quickly, and effectively manufacture oxygen water or hydrogen water in a plastic water bottle by dissolving high purity oxygen or hydrogen in source water in the bottle directly. Accordingly, by drinking oxygen water or hydrogen water manufactured thereby, fresh oxygen is supplied to the body, and hydrogen is also supplied to the body and removes harmful reactive oxygen species or reactive carbon species, thereby enabling a healthy life.

An electrochemical cell has four volumes. A porous anode is provided between a first volume and a second volume. A ground electrode is provided between the second volume and the third volume. A porous cathode is provided between the third volume and the fourth volume.

A system and method for generating hydrogen gas from an aqueous solution are disclosed herein. The system comprises a compartment with a working electrode for reducing water in response to an applied voltage to generate hydrogen and a redox-active electrode capable of reversibly undergoing oxidation and reduction. The system may further comprise a second compartment with a working electrode for generating oxygen and redox-active electrode electrically connectable to the redox-active electrode in the first compartment. The method comprises applying a voltage between a working electrode and a redox-active electrode of a system described herein and/or between comprising a working electrode of one compartment and a working electrode of a second compartment of a system described herein.

An electrolysis apparatus for producing chlorine bleach includes an anode plate, a cathode plate spaced apart from the anode plate, one or more inner conductive plates positioned between and spaced apart from the anode plate and the cathode plate, and a sleeve surrounding the anode plate, the cathode plate, and the one or more inner conductive plates. A system for producing chlorine bleach includes, in addition to the electrolysis apparatus, a container having an opening and which is configured to hold a solution of water and salt. The system further includes a power source having a first terminal connected to the anode plate and a second terminal connected to the cathode plate. Upon connecting the anode plate and the cathode plate to the power source and inserting the electrolysis apparatus into the solution, electrolysis of the solution produces chlorine bleach.

Disclosed herein are ion exchange membranes, electrochemical systems, and methods that relate to various configurations of the ion exchange membranes and other components of the electrochemical cell.